garðr

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *gardaz (court, yard, enclosure). Cognate with Old English ġeard, Old Saxon gard, Old High German gart, Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐍃 (gards). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos (enclosure), from *gʰerdʰ- (to enclose).

Pronunciation

  • (12th century Icelandic) IPA(key): /ˈɡɑrðr̩/

Noun

garðr m (genitive garðs, plural garðar)

  1. a fence, wall
    • Grágás, in 1829, J. F. W. Schlegel, Hin forna lögbok islendinga sem nefnist Gragas, Volume II. Copenhagen, page 264:
      Ef þar er garðr of þioþbraut þvera, []
      If there is a fence on a high road, []
  2. (especially in compounds) an enclosed space, yard
    • Konungs skuggsjá 10, in 1848, R. Keyser, P. R. Munch, C. R. Unger, Speculum regale. Konungs-skuggsjá. Konge-speilet. Christiania, page 23:
      [] heldr eru þeir reistir umhverfis kirkjuna við kirkjugarðinn, []
      [] but rather set up around the church along the churchyard, []
  3. a courtyard, court
    • Óláfs saga Tryggvasonar 1, in 1835, F. Magnússon, C. C. Rafn, Fornmanna sögur, Volume X. Copenhagen, page 218:
      [] er hann com heim í þorpit, oc geck um garðinn, []
      [] when he came home to the town and walked through the courtyard, []
  4. a house, dwelling
    • Egils saga 62, in 1809, Guðmundur Magnússon, Egils-saga: sive Egilli Skallagrimii vita. Copenhagen, page 407:
      • Egill spurdi hvar garðr sá veri í borginni er Arinbiörn átti []
      Egill asked where in the city was the house that Arinbjörn owned []
  5. (especially in compounds) a stronghold, castle, hold
    • Vǫluspá, verse 4, lines 3-4, in 1860, T. Möbius, Edda Sæmundar hins fróða: mit einem Anhang zum Theil bisher ungedruckter Gedichte. Leipzig, page 1:
      [] þeir er miðgarð / mœran skópu; []
      [] those who Middle-hold / mighty shaped; []

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  • garðr in An Icelandic-English Dictionary, R. Cleasby and G. Vigfússon, Clarendon Press, 1874, at Internet Archive.
  • garðr in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.
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