gaigner

Middle French

Alternative forms
  • gaignier, gainger, gaegnier, gaingier

Etymology

From Old French gaigner, from Vulgar Latin *wadaniō, from Frankish *waithanjan (“to hunt, graze”).

Verb

gaigner

  1. to win
    • 1532, François Rabelais, Pantagruel:
      Mais voulez vous venir gaigner les pardons? dist il.
      But do you want to come and win the pardons? Said he

Conjugation
  • Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
   Conjugation of gaigner
simple compound
infinitive gaigner avoir gaigné
gerund en gaignant Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle gaignant
past participle gaigné
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ie (may be i' before a vowel) tu il nous vous ilz, elles
simple
tenses		 present gaigne gaignes gaigne gaignons gaignez gaignent
imperfect gaignois, gaignoys gaignois, gaignoys gaignoit, gaignoyt gaignions, gaignyons gaigniez, gaignyez gaignoient, gaignoyent
past historic gaigna gaignas gaigna gaignasmes gaignastes gaignerent
future gaignerai, gaigneray gaigneras gaignera gaignerons gaignerez gaigneront
conditional gaignerois, gaigneroys gaignerois, gaigneroys gaigneroit, gaigneroyt gaignerions, gaigneryons gaigneriez, gaigneryez gaigneroient, gaigneroyent
compound
tenses		 present perfect Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
past anterior Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle
future perfect Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
conditional perfect Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive que ie que tu qu'il que nous que vous qu'ilz, qu'elles
simple
tenses		 present gaigne gaignes gaigne gaignons gaignez gaignent
imperfect gaignasse gaignasses gaignast gaignassions gaignassiez gaignassent
compound
tenses		 past Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
— gaigne — gaignons gaignez —

Descendants

Old French

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *wadaniō, *wadaniāre, of Germanic origin, from Frankish *waithanjan (“to hunt, graze”), from Proto-Germanic *waiþanjaną.

Verb

gaigner

  1. to win
    • c. 1250, Marie de France, 'Milun':
      tost i pout perdre u guaaignier
      Straight away, he could lose or win
  2. (by extension) to make money; to save money
    • c. 1200, 'Aucassin et Nicolette':
      […] li donra un jour un baceler qui du pain li gaaignera par honor
      […] will give to her a young suitor who will earn his bread through honor

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ign, *-igns, *-ignt are modified to ing, inz, int. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of gaigner (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive gaigner avoir gaigné
gerund en gaignant Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle gaignant
past participle gaigné
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses		 present gaing gaignes gaigne gaignons gaignez gaignent
imperfect gaignoie, gaigneie, gaignoe, gaigneve gaignoies, gaigneies, gaignoes, gaigneves gaignoit, gaigneit, gaignot, gaigneve gaigniiens, gaigniens gaigniiez, gaigniez gaignoient, gaigneient, gaignoent, gaignevent
preterite gaignai gaignas gaigna gaignames gaignastes gaignerent
future gaignerai gaigneras gaignera gaignerons gaigneroiz, gaignereiz, gaignerez gaigneront
conditional gaigneroie, gaignereie gaigneroies, gaignereies gaigneroit, gaignereit gaigneriiens, gaigneriens gaigneriiez, gaigneriez gaigneroient, gaignereient
compound
tenses		 present perfect Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
past anterior Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle
future perfect Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
conditional perfect Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses		 present gaing gainz gaint gaignons gaignez gaignent
imperfect gaignasse gaignasses gaignast gaignissons, gaignissiens gaignissoiz, gaignissez, gaignissiez gaignassent
compound
tenses		 past Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— gaigne — gaignons gaignez —

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Middle French: gaigner, gaignier, gainger, gaegnier, gaingier
  • Gallo: gaenyae
  • Norman: gângni (Jersiais)
  • Picard: gagnie, gagneu (Athois)
  • Walloon: gangnî (Charleroi, Liégeois), gangnè (Forrières), gågnî (Liégeois)
  • ⇒ Old French: regainer, regayner, regaigner, regaaiger, regaingner
    • Middle French: regaaignier, regagner
    • Picard: r'gagneu, r'gagnie (Athois), argagner (Ch'ti)
    • Walloon: rigangnè (Forrières)
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