fremir
See also: frémir
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French fremir.
Old French
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *fremīre, from Latin fremere, present active infinitive of fremō.
Verb
fremir
- to shake; to shiver; to tremble
- circa 1250, Rutebeuf, Ci encoumence li miracles que Nostre Dame fist dou soucretain et d'une dame:
- Car trestuit si grant paor orent […] Que la chars lor fremist et tremble.
- For soon they were so afraid […] that their flesh shook and trembled.
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Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of fremir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | fremir | avoir fremi | |||||
| gerund | en fremissant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | fremissant | ||||||
| past participle | fremi | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | fremis | fremis | fremist | fremissons | fremissez | fremissent |
| imperfect | fremissoie, fremisseie | fremissoies, fremisseies | fremissoit, fremisseit | fremissiiens, fremissiens | fremissiiez, fremissiez | fremissoient, fremisseient | |
| preterite | fremi | fremis | fremi | fremimes | fremistes | fremirent | |
| future | fremirai | fremiras | fremira | fremirons | fremiroiz, fremireiz, fremirez | fremiront | |
| conditional | fremiroie, fremireie | fremiroies, fremireies | fremiroit, fremireit | fremiriiens, fremiriens | fremiriiez, fremiriez | fremiroient, fremireient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | fremisse | fremisses | fremisse | fremissons | fremissez | fremissent |
| imperfect | fremisse | fremisses | fremist | fremissons, fremissiens | fremissoiz, fremissez, fremissiez | fremissent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | fremis | — | fremissons | fremissez | — | ||
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