esperer

See also: espérer

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French esperer.

Verb

esperer

to hope

Conjugation

Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of esperer

		simple			compound
infinitive		esperer			avoir esperé
gerund		en esperant			Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle		esperant
past participle		esperé
person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (may be i' before a vowel)	tu	il	nous	vous	ilz, elles
simple tenses	present	espere	esperes	espere	esperons	esperez	esperent
	imperfect	esperois, esperoys	esperois, esperoys	esperoit, esperoyt	esperions, esperyons	esperiez, esperyez	esperoient, esperoyent
	past historic	espera	esperas	espera	esperasmes	esperastes	espererent
	future	espererai, espereray	espereras	esperera	espererons	espererez	espereront
	conditional	espererois, espereroys	espererois, espereroys	espereroit, espereroyt	espererions, espereryons	espereriez, espereryez	espereroient, espereroyent
compound tenses	present perfect	Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	past anterior	Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	future perfect	Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	conditional perfect	Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive		que ie	que tu	qu'il	que nous	que vous	qu'ilz, qu'elles
simple tenses	present	espere	esperes	espere	esperons	esperez	esperent
simple tenses	imperfect	esperasse	esperasses	esperast	esperassions	esperassiez	esperassent
compound tenses	past	Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
compound tenses	pluperfect	Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
imperative		—	espere	—	esperons	esperez	—

Descendants

French: espérer

Old French

Etymology

From Latin spērāre, present active infinitive of spērō.

Verb

esperer

to hope

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. This verb has a stressed present stem espoir distinct from the unstressed stem esper. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

Conjugation of esperer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		esperer			avoir esperé
gerund		en esperant			Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle		esperant
past participle		esperé
person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	espoir	espoires	espoire	esperons	esperez	espoirent
	imperfect	esperoie, espereie, esperoe, espereve	esperoies, espereies, esperoes, espereves	esperoit, espereit, esperot, espereve	esperiiens, esperiens	esperiiez, esperiez	esperoient, espereient, esperoent, esperevent
	preterite	esperai	esperas	espera	esperames	esperastes	espererent
	future	espererai	espereras	esperera	espererons	espereroiz, esperereiz, espererez	espereront
	conditional	espereroie, esperereie	espereroies, esperereies	espereroit, esperereit	espereriiens, espereriens	espereriiez, espereriez	espereroient, esperereient
compound tenses	present perfect	Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	past anterior	Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	future perfect	Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	conditional perfect	Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	espoir	espoirs	espoirt	esperons	esperez	espoirent
simple tenses	imperfect	esperasse	esperasses	esperast	esperissons, esperissiens	esperissoiz, esperissez, esperissiez	esperassent
compound tenses	past	Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
compound tenses	pluperfect	Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
imperative		—	espoire	—	esperons	esperez	—

Descendants

Middle French: esperer
- French: espérer
Norman: espéther (Jersey), espéraïr (Guernsey)

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