eorna

See also: eòrna

Irish
eorna

Etymology

From Middle Irish eórna (compare Scottish Gaelic eòrna, Manx oarn), from *yeworniū, from Proto-Celtic *yewos (compare Breton yell (“spelt”)), from Proto-Indo-European *yéwos (“barley”) (compare Lithuanian javaĩ (“grain”), Persian جو‎ (jaw), Sanskrit यव (yava)).

Pronunciation

Noun

eorna f (genitive singular eorna or eornan)

  1. barley (Hordeum vulgare)

Declension
Standard inflection (fourth declension)
Declension of eorna

Fourth declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative eorna
Vocative a eorna
Genitive eorna
Dative eorna

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular
Nominative an eorna
Genitive na heorna
Dative leis an eorna

don eorna

Alternative inflection (fifth declension)
Declension of eorna

Fifth declension

Bare forms (no plural for this noun):

Case Singular
Nominative eorna
Vocative a eorna
Genitive eornan
Dative eorna
eornain (archaic, dialectal)

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular
Nominative an eorna
Genitive na heornan
Dative leis an eorna
leis an eornain (archaic, dialectal)

don eorna
don eornain (archaic, dialectal)

Derived terms
  • easpa eorna (“petty spurge”)
  • eorna bheag (“bere”)
  • eorna nua (“the new (season’s) barley; welcome change of food”)
  • eorna phéarlach (“pearl barley”)
  • gráinne eorna (“barleycorn”)
  • sú na heorna, úsc na heorna (“spirits distilled from barley, whiskey”)
  • uisce eorna (“barley-water”)

Mutation
Irish mutation
RadicalEclipsiswith h-prothesiswith t-prothesis
eorna n-eorna heorna not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
  • "eorna" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
  • “eórna” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
  • “eorna” in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1st ed., 1904, by Patrick S. Dinneen, page 288.
  • Entries containing “eorna” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
  • Entries containing “eorna” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
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