engourdir
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɑ̃ɡuʁdiʁ/
Audio (file)
Verb
engourdir
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of engourdir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | engourdissant /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.sɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | engourdi /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | engourdir | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | engourdissant /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.sɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | engourdis /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di/ |
engourdis /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di/ |
engourdit /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di/ |
engourdissons /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.sɔ̃/ |
engourdissez /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.se/ |
engourdissent /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.dis/ |
| imperfect | engourdissais /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.sɛ/ |
engourdissais /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.sɛ/ |
engourdissait /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.sɛ/ |
engourdissions /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.sjɔ̃/ |
engourdissiez /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.sje/ |
engourdissaient /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | engourdis /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di/ |
engourdis /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di/ |
engourdit /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di/ |
engourdîmes /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.dim/ |
engourdîtes /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.dit/ |
engourdirent /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.diʁ/ | |
| future | engourdirai /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.ʁe/ |
engourdiras /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.ʁa/ |
engourdira /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.ʁa/ |
engourdirons /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.ʁɔ̃/ |
engourdirez /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.ʁe/ |
engourdiront /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | engourdirais /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.ʁɛ/ |
engourdirais /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.ʁɛ/ |
engourdirait /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.ʁɛ/ |
engourdirions /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.ʁjɔ̃/ |
engourdiriez /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.ʁje/ |
engourdiraient /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | engourdisse /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.dis/ |
engourdisses /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.dis/ |
engourdisse /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.dis/ |
engourdissions /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.sjɔ̃/ |
engourdissiez /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.sje/ |
engourdissent /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.dis/ |
| imperfect2 | engourdisse /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.dis/ |
engourdisses /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.dis/ |
engourdît /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di/ |
engourdissions /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.sjɔ̃/ |
engourdissiez /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.sje/ |
engourdissent /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.dis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | engourdis /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di/ |
— | engourdissons /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.sɔ̃/ |
engourdissez /ɑ̃.ɡuʁ.di.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “engourdir” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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