dum

See also: dům, -dum, and d'um

English

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dʌm/
  • Homophone: dumb
  • Rhymes: -ʌm

Etymology 1

From Hindi दम (dam).

Adjective

dum (not comparable)

  1. (India, cooking) cooked with steam

Etymology 2

Interjection

dum

  1. Syllable used when humming a tune.
    • 2012, Graeme Burk, Robert Smith, Who is the Doctor
      I like to hang out with friends and travel the world. But if there's one thing I really love, it's Doctor Who. Dum de dum, dum de dum, dum de dum. Whooo-eee-oooo dum de dum, de dum de dum.

Etymology 3

Adjective

dum

  1. Nonstandard or humorous spelling of dumb.

Anagrams


Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse dumbr (dumb), and in the main sense stupid from German dumm. Both from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-. Compare Norwegian and Swedish dum, Icelandic dumbur, English dumb, Low German dumm, Dutch dom, German dumm.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dom/, [d̥ɔmˀ]
  • Rhymes: -ɔm

Adjective

dum

  1. stupid, dense, dumb, thick, dim
  2. foolish, silly, daft

Inflection

Inflection of dum
Positive Comparative Superlative
Common singular dum dummere dummest2
Neuter singular dumt dummere dummest2
Plural dumme dummere dummest2
Definite attributive1 dumme dummere dummeste
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

Esperanto

Etymology

From Latin dum.

Pronunciation

  • (file)
  • IPA(key): /dum/

Preposition

dum

  1. for
    Mi estos en Usono dum du jaroj.
    I will be in the USA for two years.
  2. during
  3. while
  4. whereas

Ido

Etymology

From Esperanto dum, from Latin dum.

Preposition

dum

  1. during, in (a period of time)
    Il esis absenta dum tri yari.
    He was absent for three years.

Derived terms

  • dume (meanwhile, meantime)

Latin

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *de.

Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA(key): /dum/, [dũ]
  • (file)

Conjunction

dum

  1. while, as
    • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgicon III.284–285:
      fugit inreparabile tempus
      singula dum capti circumvectamur amore
      Irretrievable time flies away while, in thrall to love, we are carried about from one thing to another.
    • 16 BCE, Ovid, Amores 1.11.15:
      Dum loquor, hora fugit.
      While I speak, the hour flees away.
    Dum vīxī tacuī, mortua dulce canō.While I lived I was quiet; dead I sweetly sing.
  2. until
  3. as long as
    dum erunt hominesas long as there are men (as long as mankind exists)
  4. so long as, provided that
    Oderint, dum metuant.Let them hate, so long as they fear.

Usage notes

Most often used with the present indicative forms of verbs.

Derived terms

References

  • dum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • dum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • dum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
  • Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • I cannot wait till..: nihil mihi longius est or videtur quam dum or quam ut
    • as long as one's strength holds out: dum vires suppetunt
    • as long as I live: dum vita suppetit; dum (quoad) vivo
  • dum in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Maia

Adjective

dum

  1. wet

Middle English

Adjective

dum

  1. Alternative form of dumb

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse dumbr, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-. Compare English dumb, Danish dum and Swedish dum, Icelandic dumbur, Dutch dom, German dumm.

Adjective

dum (neuter singular dumt, definite singular and plural dumme, comparative dummere, indefinite superlative dummest, definite superlative dummeste)

  1. foolish
  2. stupid, silly

Derived terms

References


Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse dumbr, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-.

Adjective

dum (neuter singular dumt, definite singular and plural dumme, comparative dummare, indefinite superlative dummast, definite superlative dummaste)

  1. foolish
  2. stupid, silly

References


Old French

Alternative forms

Noun

dum m

  1. down, feathers of small birds used as insulation material in duvets and sleeping bags

Descendants

  • Middle French: dun
  • Norman: dùn
  • Old French: dumet, dumect

Old Irish

Noun

dum

  1. Alternative form of daum

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
dum dum
pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/
ndum
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Polish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dum/

Noun

dum f

  1. genitive plural of duma

Portuguese

Alternative forms

Etymology

From earlier d'uma, from de (of) + um (masculine singular indefinite article)

Pronunciation

Contraction

dum m

  1. Contraction of de um (pertaining or relating to a).; of a; from a (masculine singular)

Usage notes

The contraction of de + um / uma is never obligatory and sometimes associated with spoken language. In a few cases it is not possible:

  1. When de is part of a preposition, as in em vez de:[1]
    Em vez de um escalão ter três anos, ...
  2. When um is a numeral:
    Trata-se de um ou dois dias.
  • duma (feminine form)
  • duns (plural form)
  • dumas (feminine plural form)

References


Saterland Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian dumb, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz. More at dumb.

Adjective

dum

  1. stupid; dumb

Synonyms

  • hoolich

Derived terms

  • Dumstolt

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish dumber, from Old Norse dumbr, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-. Compare Norwegian dumb, Danish dum, Icelandic dumbur, English dumb, Dutch dom and German dumm.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈdɵmː/
  • (file)

Adjective

dum

  1. stupid, dumb
  2. mean, cruel

Declension

Inflection of dum
Indefinite Positive Comparative Superlative2
Common singular dum dummare dummast
Neuter singular dumt dummare dummast
Plural dumma dummare dummast
Definite Positive Comparative Superlative
Masculine singular1 dumme dummare dummaste
All dumma dummare dummaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.

Uzbek

Other scripts
Cyrillic дум
Roman dum
Perso-Arabic ‍‍

Etymology

From Persian دم (dom)

Noun

dum (plural dumlar)

  1. tail
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