cổ

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ko˧˩]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [kow˧˨]
(Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [kow˨˩˦]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Vietic *koh (“throat; neck”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kɔʔ ~ *kɔ(ɔ)k (“neck”); cognates include Khmer ក (kɑɑ), Bahnar hơko, Mon ကံ. Compare Proto-Tai *ɣo:ᴬ.

Noun

cổ (股)

neck
cổ tay
a wrist

cổ chân
an ankle

cổ chai
a bottleneck

Derived terms

cắt cổ (usurious; literally "cutthroat")
hươu cao cổ (“giraffe”)
bướu cổ

Etymology 2

Sino-Vietnamese word from 古.

Adjective

cổ

ancient; old
Ai Cập cổ
Ancient Egypt
antique; old
đồ cổ
antiques

Related terms

cũ

Etymology 3

Contraction of cô + the demonstrative ấy (“that”) in the southern dialects, with the latter manifested as the hỏi tone after monosyllabification.

Pronoun

cổ

(Southern Vietnam) she/her, that young adult woman

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