cajoler
French
Etymology
Probably a blend of Middle French cageoler (“chatter like a jay”) (from gajole, dialectal diminutive of geai (“jaybird”)) + Old French gaioler (“entice into a cage”), which is from Medieval Latin gabiola, from Late Latin caveola, diminutive of Latin cavea (“cage, coop, enclosure, stall”).
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Conjugation
Conjugation of cajoler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | cajolant /ka.ʒɔ.lɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | cajolé /ka.ʒɔ.le/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | cajoler | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | cajolant /ka.ʒɔ.lɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | cajole /ka.ʒɔl/ |
cajoles /ka.ʒɔl/ |
cajole /ka.ʒɔl/ |
cajolons /ka.ʒɔ.lɔ̃/ |
cajolez /ka.ʒɔ.le/ |
cajolent /ka.ʒɔl/ |
| imperfect | cajolais /ka.ʒɔ.lɛ/ |
cajolais /ka.ʒɔ.lɛ/ |
cajolait /ka.ʒɔ.lɛ/ |
cajolions /ka.ʒɔ.ljɔ̃/ |
cajoliez /ka.ʒɔ.lje/ |
cajolaient /ka.ʒɔ.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | cajolai /ka.ʒɔ.le/ |
cajolas /ka.ʒɔ.la/ |
cajola /ka.ʒɔ.la/ |
cajolâmes /ka.ʒɔ.lam/ |
cajolâtes /ka.ʒɔ.lat/ |
cajolèrent /ka.ʒɔ.lɛʁ/ | |
| future | cajolerai /ka.ʒɔl.ʁe/ |
cajoleras /ka.ʒɔl.ʁa/ |
cajolera /ka.ʒɔl.ʁa/ |
cajolerons /ka.ʒɔl.ʁɔ̃/ |
cajolerez /ka.ʒɔl.ʁe/ |
cajoleront /ka.ʒɔl.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | cajolerais /ka.ʒɔl.ʁɛ/ |
cajolerais /ka.ʒɔl.ʁɛ/ |
cajolerait /ka.ʒɔl.ʁɛ/ |
cajolerions /ka.ʒɔ.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
cajoleriez /ka.ʒɔ.lə.ʁje/ |
cajoleraient /ka.ʒɔl.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | cajole /ka.ʒɔl/ |
cajoles /ka.ʒɔl/ |
cajole /ka.ʒɔl/ |
cajolions /ka.ʒɔ.ljɔ̃/ |
cajoliez /ka.ʒɔ.lje/ |
cajolent /ka.ʒɔl/ |
| imperfect2 | cajolasse /ka.ʒɔ.las/ |
cajolasses /ka.ʒɔ.las/ |
cajolât /ka.ʒɔ.la/ |
cajolassions /ka.ʒɔ.la.sjɔ̃/ |
cajolassiez /ka.ʒɔ.la.sje/ |
cajolassent /ka.ʒɔ.las/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | cajole /ka.ʒɔl/ |
— | cajolons /ka.ʒɔ.lɔ̃/ |
cajolez /ka.ʒɔ.le/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Descendants
- → English: cajole
Further reading
- “cajoler” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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