brisid
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbʲɾʲɪʃɪdʲ/
Usage notes
The modern standard forms are briseann siad in the indicative and go mbrise siad in the subjunctive.
Mutation
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| brisid | bhrisid | mbrisid |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Old Irish
Alternative forms
- brissid
Etymology
Denominative from bres (“fight, combat”), from Proto-Celtic *brestā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰres- (“to burst, break”). Cognate with Old English berstan and Old High German brestan.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbʲrʲisʲiðʲ/
Inflection
Simple, class A II present, s preterite, f future, a subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Abs. | bris(s)id | bristir | ||||||
| Conj. | ·bris(s)i nod·mbrisi (with infixed pronoun d-) |
·bris(s)ter | |||||||
| Rel. | bris(s)ter | ||||||||
| Imperfect indicative | ·brissed | ||||||||
| Preterite | Abs. | bris(s)is(s) | briste | bristi | |||||
| Conj. | ·bris(i)us | ·bris(s)is(s) | ·bris(s) | ·brisiset | ·brissed | ||||
| Rel. | bris(s)is(s) | ||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | ro·brisius | ro·bris(s) ros·briss (with infixed pronoun s-) |
ro·brisiset | |||||
| Prot. | ·robris | ||||||||
| Future | Abs. | ||||||||
| Conj. | ·brisbedar | ||||||||
| Rel. | brisfes | ||||||||
| Conditional | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Abs. | bris(s)id | |||||||
| Conj. | ·bris(s) | ||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Past subjunctive | ·brissed | ||||||||
| Imperative | bris(s) | brissed | bris(s)id | ·bris(s)ter | |||||
| Verbal noun | bris(s)ed | ||||||||
| Past participle | briste | ||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | bristi | ||||||||
Derived terms
- for·brissi
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| brisid | brisid pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ |
mbrisid |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- “bris(s)id” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*brestā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 76
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