berner
See also: Berner
French
Etymology
From Old French bren (“bran, excrement”), with metathesis [circa 1480s], having first had the meaning of "vanner le blé" or the scatological meaning of "fouiller d'excréments" present in Rabelais' writings. For semantic development, compare terms like shit-talk.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bɛʁ.ne/
Audio (file)
Verb
berner
- (transitive) to trick, to fool, to take in, to run circles around, to hoodwink
- Il s'est fait complètement berner.
- He was completely taken in.
Conjugation
Conjugation of berner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | bernant /bɛʁ.nɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | berné /bɛʁ.ne/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | berner | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | bernant /bɛʁ.nɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | berne /bɛʁn/ |
bernes /bɛʁn/ |
berne /bɛʁn/ |
bernons /bɛʁ.nɔ̃/ |
bernez /bɛʁ.ne/ |
bernent /bɛʁn/ |
| imperfect | bernais /bɛʁ.nɛ/ |
bernais /bɛʁ.nɛ/ |
bernait /bɛʁ.nɛ/ |
bernions /bɛʁ.njɔ̃/ |
berniez /bɛʁ.nje/ |
bernaient /bɛʁ.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | bernai /bɛʁ.ne/ |
bernas /bɛʁ.na/ |
berna /bɛʁ.na/ |
bernâmes /bɛʁ.nam/ |
bernâtes /bɛʁ.nat/ |
bernèrent /bɛʁ.nɛʁ/ | |
| future | bernerai /bɛʁ.nə.ʁe/ |
berneras /bɛʁ.nə.ʁa/ |
bernera /bɛʁ.nə.ʁa/ |
bernerons /bɛʁ.nə.ʁɔ̃/ |
bernerez /bɛʁ.nə.ʁe/ |
berneront /bɛʁ.nə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | bernerais /bɛʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ |
bernerais /bɛʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ |
bernerait /bɛʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ |
bernerions /bɛʁ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
berneriez /bɛʁ.nə.ʁje/ |
berneraient /bɛʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | berne /bɛʁn/ |
bernes /bɛʁn/ |
berne /bɛʁn/ |
bernions /bɛʁ.njɔ̃/ |
berniez /bɛʁ.nje/ |
bernent /bɛʁn/ |
| imperfect2 | bernasse /bɛʁ.nas/ |
bernasses /bɛʁ.nas/ |
bernât /bɛʁ.na/ |
bernassions /bɛʁ.na.sjɔ̃/ |
bernassiez /bɛʁ.na.sje/ |
bernassent /bɛʁ.nas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | berne /bɛʁn/ |
— | bernons /bɛʁ.nɔ̃/ |
bernez /bɛʁ.ne/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “berner” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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