beatha
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbʲahə/
Etymology 1
From Middle Irish betha, from Old Irish bethu, from Proto-Celtic *biwotūts (compare Welsh bywyd), from *biwos from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”) (compare Latin vīta, Ancient Greek βίοτος (bíotos), Old Church Slavonic животъ (životŭ, “life”), Lithuanian gyvatà (“life”), Sanskrit जीवित (jīvitá), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬫𐬊 (gayo) (accusative 𐬘𐬫𐬁𐬙𐬎𐬨 (jyātum, “life”))), from *gʷeih₃w- (“to live”).
Declension
- Standard inflection (fourth declension)
Fourth declension
|
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
|
- Alternative inflection (fifth declension)
Fifth declension
|
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
|
Derived terms
- antaibheathach, frithbheathach (“antibiotic”, adjective)
- antaibheathach m, frithbheathach m (“antibiotic”)
- beathachruth m (“life form”)
- beathaigh (“feed, nourish; rear”, transitive verb)
- beathaisnéis f (“biography”)
- beathúil (“nourishing”, adjective)
- dea-bheatha f (“good, virtuous, life; good sustenance”)
- fórsa na beatha m (“vital force”)
- uisce beatha m, beathuisce m (“whiskey”, literally “water of life”)
Related terms
- beo (“alive”)
Etymology 2
Mutation
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| beatha | bheatha | mbeatha |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- “betha” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
- “beaṫa” in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1st ed., 1904, by Patrick S. Dinneen, page 63.
- "beatha" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- Entries containing “beatha” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “beatha” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Middle Irish betha, from Old Irish bethu, from Proto-Celtic *biwotūts, from *biwos from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”), from *gʷeih₃w- (“to live”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbʲahə], /pɛhə/
Declension
Forms without/with the definite article:
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | beatha/a' bheatha | beathannan/na beathannan |
| Genitive | beatha/na beatha | bheatha/nam beatha |
| Dative | beatha/a' bheatha | na beathannan/na beathannan |
Derived terms
- beathach (“beast”)
- beath-eachdraidh, eachdraidh-beatha (“biography”)
- dà-bheathach (“amphibian”)
- dà-bheathach (“amphibious”)
- dòigh-beatha (“way of life”)
- fiadh-bheatha (“wildlife”)
- 's e do bheatha/ur beatha (“don't mention it”)
- uisge-beatha (“whisky”)
Mutation
| Scottish Gaelic mutation | |
|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition |
| beatha | bheatha |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |
Further reading
- Faclair Gàidhlig Dwelly Air Loidhne, Dwelly, Edward (1911), Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic-English Dictionary (10th ed.), Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- “betha” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.