arachrin
Old Irish
Etymology
Originally a euphemism or slang expression meaning ‘shake it’, from Proto-Celtic *ɸarekrini- (compare Welsh ergryn (“tremble, fear”)) with the infixed pronoun a- (“it”), from *ɸare- (“in front”) (> ar-) + *krini- (“shake, sift”) (compare Welsh crynu (“shake, shiver”)), from Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“shake, sift”) (compare Latin cernō (“I sift, separate”), Ancient Greek κρῑ́νω (krī́nō, “separate”)).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /araˈxʲrʲinʲ/
Verb
ara·chrin (verbal noun irchre or erchrae)
- to perish
- to wear out (deteriorate or become unusable or ineffective due to continued use, exposure, or strain), to decay
- to fail (be wanting; fall short)
For quotations of use of this term, see Citations:arachrin.
Conjugation
Complex, class B V present, reduplicated preterite, reduplicated future, a subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Deut. | ara·chrinim | ara·chrin arind·chrin (relative) |
ara·chrinat arin·chrinat (relative) |
|||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Imperfect indicative | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Preterite | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | ara·ruichiuir | |||||||
| Prot. | ·arrchiuir | ·arrceoratar | |||||||
| Future | Deut. | ara·chiurat | |||||||
| Prot. | ·airchiurai | ||||||||
| Conditional | Deut. | ara·chiurad | |||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | ·archriat | ||||||||
| Past subjunctive | Deut. | arind·rochrietis (relative ro-form) | |||||||
| Prot. | ·archriad | ||||||||
| Imperative | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | irchre, erchrae | ||||||||
| Past participle | |||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
Descendants
- Middle Irish: airchranaid, airchraid, airchradaid
Further reading
- C. Marstrander, E. G. Quin et al., editors (1913–76), “arachrin”, in Dictionary of the Irish Language: Based Mainly on Old and Middle Irish Materials, Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, →ISBN
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