apophysis

Ancient Greek ἀπόφυσις (apóphusis, “offshoot”), from ἀπό (apó) + φύειν (phúein) (to bring forth), from Proto-Indo-European base *bheu- (to exist, to grow).

apophysis (plural apophyses)

1. (anatomy) A natural outgrowth, swelling or enlargement, usually of an organism; A protuberance on a bone.
   • 1836, E. A. Poe, Maelzel's Chess-Player

     Every bone in the real duck had its representative in the automaton, and its wings were anatomically exact. Every cavity, apophysis, and curvature was imitated, and each bone executed its proper movements.

2. (botany) The external part of a cone scale.
3. (geology) A branch of a dike or vein.
   • 1980, U.S. Government Printing Office, Geological Survey Professional Paper, Volume 1119

     Minor palingenetic magmas probably were generated at this time and intruded the mantling rocks in the form of small sills and apophyses; [...]