< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žęti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *gem-. Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek γέντο (génto, “grasped”), Norwegian kumla (“to knead, squeeze”).
Conjugation
Conjugation of *žęti (?, -V/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *žętьje | *žęti | *žętъ | *žęlъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *žętъ | *žьmomъ |
| Active | *žьmъ | *žьmy |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *žęsъ | *žę | *žę | *žьmǫ | *žьmeši | *žьmetь |
| Dual | *žęsově | *žęsta | *žęste | *žьmevě | *žьmeta | *žьmete |
| Plural | *žęsomъ | *žęste | *žęsę | *žьmemъ | *žьmete | *žьmǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *žьměaxъ | *žьměaše | *žьměaše | — | *žьmi | *žьmi |
| Dual | *žьměaxově | *žьměašeta | *žьměašete | *žьměvě | *žьměta | — |
| Plural | *žьměaxomъ | *žьměašete | *žьměaxǫ | *žьměmъ | *žьměte | — |
Descendants
Further reading
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “жать”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
Etymology 2
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ginˀtei. No exact cognates in Baltic, but related to Lithuanian genė́ti (“to prune, hem”), Latvian dzenêt (“to prune, hem”).
Conjugation
Conjugation of *žęti (?, -unknown-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *žętьje | *žęti | *žętъ | *žęlъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *žętъ | *žьňemъ |
| Active | *žьnъ | *žьňę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *žęsъ | *žę | *žę | *žьňǫ | *žьňeši | *žьňetь |
| Dual | *žęsově | *žęsta | *žęste | *žьňevě | *žьňeta | *žьňete |
| Plural | *žęsomъ | *žęste | *žęsę | *žьňemъ | *žьňete | *žьňǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *žьněaxъ | *žьněaše | *žьněaše | — | *žьňi | *žьňi |
| Dual | *žьněaxově | *žьněašeta | *žьněašete | *žьňivě | *žьňita | — |
| Plural | *žьněaxomъ | *žьněašete | *žьněaxǫ | *žьňimъ | *žьňite | — |
Conjugation of *žęti (?, -V/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *žętьje | *žęti | *žętъ | *žęlъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *žętъ | *žьnomъ |
| Active | *žьnъ | *žьny |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *žęsъ | *žę | *žę | *žьnǫ | *žьneši | *žьnetь |
| Dual | *žęsově | *žęsta | *žęste | *žьnevě | *žьneta | *žьnete |
| Plural | *žęsomъ | *žęste | *žęsę | *žьnemъ | *žьnete | *žьnǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *žьněaxъ | *žьněaše | *žьněaše | — | *žьni | *žьni |
| Dual | *žьněaxově | *žьněašeta | *žьněašete | *žьněvě | *žьněta | — |
| Plural | *žьněaxomъ | *žьněašete | *žьněaxǫ | *žьněmъ | *žьněte | — |
Derived terms
- *žętva (“harvest”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: жаць (žacʹ)
- Russian: жать (žatʹ)
- Ukrainian: жа́ти (žáty)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “жать”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- “Proto-Slavic/žęti” in Hrvatski jezični portal
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*žęti I”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 561: “v. (b) ‘press, squeeze’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “žęti: žьmǫ žьmetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b trykke (SA 203, 248, 251; PR 136)”
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*žę̀ti II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 561: “v. (b) ‘reap, mow’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “žęti: žьn[jǫ žьn[j]etь]”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b høste (SA 203, 212f., 248, 250; PR 136)”
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