Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xъlmъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From a Germanic language; compare Proto-Germanic *hulmaz (“small island, hill, mound”). The exact donor language cannot be specified - some form of Germanic that had not undergone the a-umlaut, possibly Langobardic or Gothic.

The Germanic word further reflects Proto-Indo-European *kelH- (“lift”), whence also *čelo (“forehead”).

Noun

*xъ̃lmъ m

hill

Inflection

Declension of *xъ̃lmъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*xъ̃lmъ	*xъlmà	*xъlmì
Accusative	*xъ̃lmъ	*xъlmà	*xъlmỳ
Genitive	*xъlmà	*xъlmù	*xъ̃lmъ
Locative	*xъlmě̀	*xъlmù	*xъ̃lměxъ
Dative	*xъlmù	*xъlmòma	*xъlmòmъ
Instrumental	xъlmъ̀mь, xъlmòmь^*	*xъlmòma	*xъ̃lmy
Vocative	*xъlme	*xъlmà	*xъlmì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: хълмъ (xŭlmŭ), хълъмъ (xŭlŭmŭ)
  - Russian: холм (xolm), холо́м (xolóm) (dialectal)
  - Ukrainian: холм (xolm)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: хлъмъ (xlŭmŭ)
  
  Glagolitic: ⱒⰾⱏⰿⱏ (xlŭmŭ)
- Bulgarian: хълм (hǎlm)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: ху̑м
  
  Latin: hȗm
- Slovene: họ́lm, họ̑lm (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: chlm, chlum
  - Czech: chlum
- Polish: chełm, Chełm, Chełmno
- Slovak: chlm
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: chółm
  - Upper Sorbian: chołm

References

Saskia Pronk-Tiethoff (2013), The Germanic loanwords in Proto-Slavic, Rodopi: Amsterdam/New York, page 109ff

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.