Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/skoba
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Uncertain origin. The lemma exhibits semantic and phonetic parallels with Lithuanian kabė (“hook”), Lithuanian kablỹs (“cramp”) (both from Lithuanian kabėti (“to hang”)), Latvian kablis (“clasp”), which generally point towards an origin from pre-Balto-Slavic **(s)kebʰ-. Indo-European data outside of Balto-Slavic, however, alludes an origin from a nasal root with glottalic coda *(s)kemb- (“to bend”), which gave Lithuanian kìbti (“to hang up”), Proto-Germanic *humpaz (“hump”) (0-grade), Proto-Germanic *hampą (“happiness”) (o-grade), Latin scamnum (“bench”) (and its diminutive Latin scabellum), Ancient Greek κόμβος (kómbos, “node”), Proto-Celtic *kambos (“twisted, crooked”), Sanskrit स्कम्भ (skambhá, “pole”), and plausibly Proto-Germanic *skup- (“barn, shop”).
It is possible that the Slavic root was denasalized under the same conditions as *voda < proto-Balto-Slavic *wandō, which blocked the effect of Winter's law.
Inflection
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *skobà | *skȍbě | *skȍby |
| Accusative | *skȍbǫ | *skȍbě | *skȍby |
| Genitive | *skobý | *skobù | *skòbъ |
| Locative | *skȍbě | *skobù | *skobàsъ, *skobàxъ* |
| Dative | *skobě̀ | *skobàma | *skobàmъ |
| Instrumental | *skobojǫ́ | *skobàma | *skobàmi |
| Vocative | *skobo | *skȍbě | *skȍby |
Related terms
- *kobь (“fate”)
- *prokoba (“doom”)
Descendants
References
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “скоба”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress