Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/orbiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *orbъ (“servant, slave”). See that word for further etymology.

Verb

*orbiti

to do, to work

Inflection

Conjugation of *orbiti (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*orbľenьje	*orbiti	*orbitъ	*orbilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*orbľenъ	*orbimъ
Active	*orbľь	*orbę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*orbixъ	*orbi	*orbi	*orbľǫ	*orbiši	*orbitь
Dual	*orbixově	*orbista	*orbiste	*orbivě	*orbita	*orbite
Plural	*orbixomъ	*orbiste	*orbišę	*orbimъ	*orbite	*orbętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*orbľaaxъ	*orbľaaše	*orbľaaše	—	*orbi	*orbi
Dual	*orbľaaxově	*orbľaašeta	*orbľaašete	*orbivě	*orbita	—
Plural	*orbľaaxomъ	*orbľaašete	*orbľaaxǫ	*orbimъ	*orbite	—

(*)*orbivъ is later doublet of past active participle

Related terms

*orbъ (“servant, slave”)
*orbòta (“work”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: робити (robiti, “to enslave”)
  - Belarusian: рабі́ць (rabícʹ, “to do, to produce, (colloquial) to be engaged in some business, to be on duty”)
  - Russian: ро́бить (róbitʹ, “to do, to work”) (dialectal)
  - Ukrainian: роби́ти (robýty, “to do, to work, to act”)

South Slavic:
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: ра́бити (“to use”), 1sg. ра̑бӣм
  
  Latin: rábiti (“to use”), 1sg. rȃbīm
- Slovene: rábiti (“to use, to do”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. rábim (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:
- Czech: robit (“to make, to do”)
- Polish: robić (“to make, to do”)
- Slovak: robiť (“to make, to do”)
- Slovincian: rʉ̀ɵ̯bjĭc (“to work”)
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: robić (“to work, to do”)
  - Lower Sorbian: robiś (“to work, to earn”)

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*orbiti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 373
Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “ро́бить”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
Trubačóv, Oleg, Žuravljóv, Anatolij, editors (2005), “*orbiti (sę)”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 32, Moscow: Nauka, page 116

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