Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mьrznǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per Derksen, from *mьrzě̀ti (“to freeze? to be repulsive? to irritate?”) +‎ *-nǫti. Cognate with Albanian mardhem (“to tremble with cold”), mardhë (“frost”), which Derksen tentatively reconstructs as coming from Proto-Indo-European *merǵ-. Chernykh adds Middle High German murc (“rotten, flabby”), Old Norse morkinn (“rotten”), Old Irish meirc (“rusty”).

Verb

*mьrznǫti impf [1][2]

to freeze

Inflection

Conjugation of *mьrznǫti (impf., intr., -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*mьrzenьje	*mьrznǫti	*mьrznǫtъ	*mьrzlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	—	—
Active	*mьrzъ	*mьrzny

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*mьrz(ox)ъ	*mьrze	*mьrze	*mьrznǫ	*mьrzneši	*mьrznetь
Dual	*mьrz(ox)ově	*mьrz(e/os)ta	*mьrz(e/os)te	*mьrznevě	*mьrzneta	*mьrznete
Plural	*mьrz(ox)omъ	*mьrz(e/os)te	mьrzǫ, mьrzošę	*mьrznemъ	*mьrznete	*mьrznǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*mьrzněaxъ	*mьrzněaše	*mьrzněaše	—	*mьrzni	*mьrzni
Dual	*mьrzněaxově	*mьrzněašeta	*mьrzněašete	*mьrzněvě	*mьrzněta	—
Plural	*mьrzněaxomъ	*mьrzněašete	*mьrzněaxǫ	*mьrzněmъ	*mьrzněte	—

Related terms

*mьrzě̀ti (“to freeze? to be repulsive? to irritate?”)
*mьrziti (“to disgust? to detest?”)
*mòrzъ (“frost”)
*mьrzati
*mьrzlъ, *mьrzъ, *mьrzъkъ, *mьrzьnъ, *mьrzenъ

Descendants

Church Slavonic: мръзнѫти (mrŭznǫti)
East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: мьрзнꙋти (mĭrznuti)
  - Belarusian: ме́рзнуць (mjérznucʹ)
  - Russian: мёрзнуть (mjórznutʹ)
  - Ukrainian: ме́рзнути (mérznuty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: помръзнѫти (pomrŭznǫti)
  
  Glagolitic: ⱂⱁⰿⱃⱏⰸⱀⱘⱅⰻ (pomrŭznǫti)
- Bulgarian: мръзна (mrǎzna)
- Macedonian: мрзне (mrzne)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: мр̏знути
  
  Latin: mȑznuti
- Slovene: mŕzniti (tonal orthography) (obsolete)
West Slavic:
- Czech: mrznout
- Polabian: marznĕ
- Polish: marznąć, mierznąć (archaic)
- Slovak: mrznúť
- Slovincian: mjȧ̃řnȯų̯c, mjìe̯rznȯų̯c
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: mjerznyć
  - Lower Sorbian: marznuś

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*mьrznǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 342: “v. ‘freeze’”
Olander, Thomas (2001), “mьrznǫti: mьrznǫ mьrznetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 211, 259; PR 133)”

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[1] Derksen, Rick (2008), “*mьrznǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 342: “v. ‘freeze’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001), “mьrznǫti: mьrznǫ mьrznetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 211, 259; PR 133)”