Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lǫčiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lank-ei-tei, causative/iterative of *lenk- (“to bend”). Cognate with Lithuanian lankýti (“to visit”), Latvian lùocît (“to bend repeatedly, to move, to arrange”). See *lęťi (“to bend”) for further etymology.

Verb

lǭčìti

to separate

Inflection

Conjugation of *lǫčiti (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*lǫčenьje	*lǫčiti	*lǫčitъ	*lǫčilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*lǫčenъ	*lǫčimъ
Active	*lǫčь	*lǫčę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*lǫčixъ	*lǫči	*lǫči	*lǫčǫ	*lǫčiši	*lǫčitь
Dual	*lǫčixově	*lǫčista	*lǫčiste	*lǫčivě	*lǫčita	*lǫčite
Plural	*lǫčixomъ	*lǫčiste	*lǫčišę	*lǫčimъ	*lǫčite	*lǫčętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*lǫčaaxъ	*lǫčaaše	*lǫčaaše	—	*lǫči	*lǫči
Dual	*lǫčaaxově	*lǫčaašeta	*lǫčaašete	*lǫčivě	*lǫčita	—
Plural	*lǫčaaxomъ	*lǫčaašete	*lǫčaaxǫ	*lǫčimъ	*lǫčite	—

(*)*lǫčivъ is later doublet of past active participle

Related terms

*lęťi (“to bend”)
*lękati, *lęcati (“to set traps, to scare?”)
*lękъ (“bent”)
*lǫčьje (“rush”)

*lǭkà (“low-lying meadow”)
*lǫkàvъ (“curved, cunning”)
*lǫ̑kъ (“bow”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: лꙋчити (lučiti, “to separate”) (12th century)
  - Belarusian: лучы́ць (lučýcʹ, “to unite”)
  - Russian: dialectal лучи́ть (lučítʹ, “to unite”); (standard разлучи́ть (razlučítʹ, “to separate”))
  - Ukrainian: лучи́ти (lučýty, “to unite”)

South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: лѫчити (lǫčiti, “to separate”), 1sg. лѫчѫ (lǫčǫ)
  
  Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: лъ́ча (lǎ́ča, “to separate”)
- Macedonian: лачи (lači, “to separate, to gather, to excrete”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: лу́чити (“to separate, to herd together”), 1sg. лу̑чӣм
  
  Latin: lúčiti (“to separate, to herd together”), 1sg. lȗčīm
- Slovene: lọ́čiti (“to bend, to separate”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. lọ́čim (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:
- Old Czech: lúčiti (“to separate”)
  - Czech: loučit (“to separate, (archaic) to unite”) (literary)
- Old Polish: łączyć (“to separate, to unite”)
  - Polish: łączyć (“to separate, to unite”)
- Slovak: lúčiť sa (“to separate (intransitive)”)
- Slovincian: lą̃čĭc (“to join, to unite”)
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: łucyś (“to join”)

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*lǭčìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 288
Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “лучи́ть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1990), “*lǫčiti”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 16, Moscow: Nauka, page 132

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