< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lěnъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lēnas, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₁-en-os, from *leh₁- (“lazy, slow”). Cognate with Latvian lēns (“lazy”), Lithuanian lė́nas (“lazy”), Latin lenis.
Inflection
Indefinite declension of *lěnъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *lěnъ | *lěna | *lěno |
| Accusative | *lěnъ | *lěnǫ | *lěno |
| Genitive | *lěna | *lěny | *lěna |
| Locative | *lěně | *lěně | *lěně |
| Dative | *lěnu | *lěně | *lěnu |
| Instrumental | *lěnomь | *lěnojǫ | *lěnomь |
| Vocative | *lěne | *lěno | *lěno |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *lěna | *lěně | *lěně |
| Accusative | *lěna | *lěně | *lěně |
| Genitive | *lěnu | *lěnu | *lěnu |
| Locative | *lěnu | *lěnu | *lěnu |
| Dative | *lěnoma | *lěnama | *lěnoma |
| Instrumental | *lěnoma | *lěnama | *lěnoma |
| Vocative | *lěna | *lěně | *lěně |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *lěni | *lěny | *lěna |
| Accusative | *lěny | *lěny | *lěna |
| Genitive | *lěnъ | *lěnъ | *lěnъ |
| Locative | *lěněxъ | *lěnaxъ | *lěněxъ |
| Dative | *lěnomъ | *lěnamъ | *lěnomъ |
| Instrumental | *lěny | *lěnami | *lěny |
| Vocative | *lěni | *lěny | *lěna |
Definite declension of *lěnъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *lěnъjь | *lěnaja | *lěnoje |
| Accusative | *lěnъjь | *lěnǫjǫ | *lěnoje |
| Genitive | *lěnajego | *lěnyję | *lěnajego |
| Locative | *lěnějemь | *lěněji | *lěnějemь |
| Dative | *lěnujemu | *lěněji | *lěnujemu |
| Instrumental | *lěnyjimi | *lěnǫjǫ | *lěnyjimi |
| Vocative | *lěnъjь | *lěnaja | *lěnoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *lěnaja | *lěněji | *lěněji |
| Accusative | *lěnaja | *lěněji | *lěněji |
| Genitive | *lěnuju | *lěnuju | *lěnuju |
| Locative | *lěnuju | *lěnuju | *lěnuju |
| Dative | *lěnyjima | *lěnyjima | *lěnyjima |
| Instrumental | *lěnyjima | *lěnyjima | *lěnyjima |
| Vocative | *lěnaja | *lěněji | *lěněji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *lěniji | *lěnyję | *lěnaja |
| Accusative | *lěnyję | *lěnyję | *lěnaja |
| Genitive | *lěnъjixъ | *lěnъjixъ | *lěnъjixъ |
| Locative | *lěnyjixъ | *lěnyjixъ | *lěnyjixъ |
| Dative | *lěnyjimъ | *lěnyjimъ | *lěnyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *lěnyjimi | *lěnyjimi | *lěnyjimi |
| Vocative | *lěniji | *lěnyję | *lěnaja |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: лѣнꙑи (lěnyi)
- Belarusian: ляны́ (ljaný)
- Russian: ляной (ljanoj) (dialectal), леной (lenoj) (dialectal)
- Old East Slavic: лѣнꙑи (lěnyi)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: líný
- Old Polish: leny
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*lě̑nъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 273: “adj. o (c) ‘lazy, slow’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “lěnъ lěna lěno”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c doven (SA 109, 111, 114, 122, 199; PR 138)”
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