< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъrbъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

The root lacks direct Indo-European relatives, so it cannot be reconstructed with full certainty. Nonetheless, both Derksen and Vasmer suppose an origin from the hypothetical proto-Indo-European root *ger- (“to bend, to craft”), which was enlarged in Slavic into Proto-Indo-European *gr̥bʰos < *gerbʰ- (“to carve, to crib”). From the same root, but via different extensions, descend Proto-Germanic *krabōną (“to crave, to contract”) and its derivative Proto-Germanic *kraftaz (“craft”) as well as Proto-Germanic *kreupaną (“to creep, to twist, to cripple”). Other cognates include Old Irish gerbach (“scabby, mangy”), Icelandic korpa (“wrinkle”), Old Armenian կարթ (kartʿ, “fishhook, fishing hook”) (< *gr̥̄p-ti-).

Noun

*gъrbъ m [1][2][3]

  1. hump

Declension
Declension of *gъrbъ (hard o-stem)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *gъrbъ *gъrba *gъrbi
Accusative *gъrbъ *gъrba *gъrby
Genitive *gъrba *gъrbu *gъrbъ
Locative *gъrbě *gъrbu *gъrběxъ
Dative *gъrbu *gъrboma *gъrbomъ
Instrumental *gъrbъmь, *gъrbomь* *gъrboma *gъrby
Vocative *gъrbe *gъrba *gъrbi
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Alternative forms

Derived terms
  • *gъrbačь
  • *gъrbati
  • *gъrbatъ
  • *gъrbavъ
  • *gъrbina
  • *gъrbiti

Descendants
  • Church Slavonic: гръбъ (grŭbŭ) (Russian)
  • East Slavic: гърбъ (gŭrbŭ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: гръб (grǎb), гръба (grǎba), гърбът (gǎrbǎt), dial. гърп (gǎrp), гръп (grǎp)
    • Macedonian: грб (grb)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic: гр̏ба
      Latin: gȑba
    • Slovene: gȓb, gŕba (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: chrb
      • Czech: hrb, dial. hrba
    • Polish: garb, dial. gurba
    • Slovak: hrb, hŕba
    • Sorbian:

Further reading

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gъrbъ; *gъrba”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 198: “m. o; f. ā ‘hump’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “gъrbъ gъrba”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “d (OSA 141)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016), “gŕba”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar, Ljubljana: Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, →ISBN: “*gъ̋rba”
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