< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dъlgъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From a Germanic language, likely Gothic 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌲𐍃 (dulgs), from Proto-Germanic *dulgaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰl̥gʰ- (“debt”).

Noun

*dъ̑lgъ m [1][2]

  1. debt

Inflection

Though it is traditionally reconstructed as a hard o-stem, Pronk-Tiethoff suggests that *dъlgъ was probably a u-stem instead: “the word is syllabic and has the root structure CъRC-, it shows u-stem endings in Old Church Slavic[3], as well as, e.g., the ‘second locative’ v dolgú in Russian, and the adjective formation R dolgovój. It has accentuation of the type Stang identifies with the Proto-Slavic u-stems.”

Declension of *dъ̑lgъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *dъ̑lgъ *dъ̑lga *dъ̑ldzi
Accusative *dъ̑lgъ *dъ̑lga *dъ̑lgy
Genitive *dъ̑lga *dъlgù *dъ̃lgъ
Locative *dъ̑ldzě *dъlgù *dъldzě̃xъ
Dative *dъ̑lgu *dъlgomà *dъlgòmъ
Instrumental *dъ̑lgъmь, *dъ̑lgomь* *dъlgomà *dъlgý
Vocative *dъlže *dъ̑lga *dъ̑ldzi
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Declension of *dъ̑lgъ (u-stem, accent paradigm c)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *dъ̑lgъ *dъ̑lgy *dъ̑lgove
Accusative *dъ̑lgъ *dъ̑lgy *dъ̑lgy
Genitive *dъ̑lgu *dъlgovù *dъlgòvъ
Locative *dъlgú *dъlgovù *dъ̑lgъxъ
Dative *dъ̑lgovi *dъlgъmà *dъ̑lgъmъ
Instrumental *dъ̑lgъmь *dъlgъmà *dъlgъmì
Vocative *dъlgu *dъ̑lgy *dъ̑lgove

Derived terms

Descendants
  • East Slavic: дългъ (dŭlgŭ), длъгъ (dlŭgŭ), дълъгъ (dŭlŭgŭ), долгъ (dolgŭ)
    • Belarusian: доўг (doŭh)
    • Russian: долг (dolg)
    • Ukrainian: довг (dovh)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: дългъ (dŭlgŭ), длъгъ (dlŭgŭ)
      Glagolitic: ⰴⱏⰾⰳⱏ (dŭlgŭ), ⰴⰾⱏⰳⱏ (dlŭgŭ)
      • Church Slavonic (Russian recension): дългъ (dŭlgŭ), длъгъ (dlŭgŭ), дълъгъ (dŭlŭgŭ), долгъ (dolgŭ)
      • Church Slavonic (Serbian recension): дльгъ (dlĭgŭ, “sin”)
    • Bulgarian: дълг (dǎlg), dialectal длъг (dlǎg)
    • Macedonian: долг (dolg)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic: ду̑г
      Latin: dȗg
    • Slovene: dȏłg (tonal orthography)
    • → Hungarian: dolog
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: dluh
    • Polabian: dåug
    • Polish: dług
    • Slovak: dlh
    • Slovincian: dlʉ̇́g
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: dług
      • Upper Sorbian: dołh

Further reading

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dъ̑lgъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 129: “m. o (c) ‘debt’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “dъlgъ dъlga”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 81, 187; PR 137; MP 16)”
  3. Diels 1932: 154
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