< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ostь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms
  • (after soft, palatal consonants): *-estь

Etymology

There are several theories of origin:

  • Cognate with Hittite [script needed] (-ašti) (in [script needed] n (dalugašti-, “length”) < [script needed] pl (dalugaeš, “long”, adj.)).
  • According to Halla-Aho, by double suffixation */-ot-tь/. e.g. *dobrъ → *dobrota → *dobrostь

Suffix

*-ostь f

  1. Used with adjectival stems to form abstract nouns; -ness
    *čistъ → *čistostь
    *junъ → *junostь
    *mǫdrъ → *mǫdrostь
    *radъ → *radostь
    *starъ → *starostь

Declension
Declension of *-ostь (i-stem)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *-ostь *-osti *-osti
Accusative *-ostь *-osti *-osti
Genitive *-osti *-ostьju, *-osťu* *-ostьjь, *-osti*
Locative *-osti *-ostьju, *-osťu* *-ostьxъ
Dative *-osti *-ostьma *-ostьmъ
Instrumental *-ostьjǫ, *-osťǫ* *-ostьma *-ostьmi
Vocative *-osti *-osti *-osti
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Usage notes

This suffix was used after hard consonants, as opposed to the variant form *-estь that was used with stems ending in a soft, palatal consonant.

Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Proto-Slavic_words_suffixed_with_*-ost%D1%8C' title='Category:Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-ostь'>Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-ostь</a>

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: -асць (-ascʹ) (unstressed), -осць (-oscʹ) (stressed) (obsolete spellings: -асьць (-asʹcʹ)/-осьць (-osʹcʹ))
    • Russian: -ость (-ostʹ)
    • Ukrainian: -ість (-istʹ) (genitive: -ості (-osti))
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: -ость (-ostĭ)
      Glagolitic: -ⱁⱄⱅⱐ (-ostĭ)
    • Bulgarian: -ост (-ost)
    • Macedonian: -ост (-ost)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic: -ост
      Latin: -ost
    • Slovene: -ost
  • West Slavic:

References
  • Witczak, Krzysztof Tomasz (2002), Indo-European abstracta ending with -osti-: the Ossetic evidence, Lingua Posnaniensis 44, p. 175-179
  • Vaillant, André (1974), Grammaire comparée des langues slaves, tome IV. Paris, p. 373-377
  • Arumaa, Peeter (1985), Urslavische Grammatik, Band III. Heidelberg. p. 46
  • Birnbaum, Henrik & Jos Schaeken (1997) Das altkirchenslavische Wort: Bildung - Bedeutung - Herleitung. (Slavistische Beiträge, 348.) München. p.50
  • Halla-aho, Jussi (2006) Problems of Proto-Slavic Historical Nominal Morphology: On the Basis of Old Church Slavic (Slavica Helsingiensia; 26)‎, Helsinki: University of Helsinki, page 51
  • Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dьlgostь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 05, Moscow: Nauka, page 207
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.