Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/wŕ̥kah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos. Cognate with Sanskrit वृक (vṛ́ka).

Noun

*wŕ̥kah m

wolf

Derived terms

*Wŕ̥kānah (“mythical founder of Narts”)
- Avestan: 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬁𐬥𐬀‎ (Vəhrkāna)
- Ossetian: Уӕрхӕг (Wærxæg)
- Parthian: 𐭅𐭓𐭊𐭍‎ (Wurgān)
- Old Persian: 𐎺𐎼𐎣𐎠𐎴 (Varkāna)
  - Middle Persian: 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢𐭠𐭭‎ (Gurgān)
    - Persian: گرگان‎ (Gorgân)
- → Ancient Greek: Ὑρκανία (Hurkanía) (see there for further descendants)
- → Old Armenian: Վրկան (Vrkan)

Descendants

Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀‎ (vəhrka)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Khotanese: 𐨦𐨁𐨪𐨿𐨒𐨿𐨒 (birgga-)
- Sogdo-Bactrian:
  - Chorasmian: [script needed] (wry̆k)
  - Sogdian: [script needed] (wyrky)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Baluchi: گرک‎ (gurk)
- Kurdish: gur, gurg
- Mazanderani-Shahmirzadi:
  - Mazanderani: ورگ‎ (verg)
- Zaza-Gurani:
  - Gurani: ۋەرگ‎ (ʋarg)
  - Zazaki: verg (varg)
Southwest Iranian:
- Old Persian: 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (varka)
  - Middle Persian: (/gurg/)
    Book Pahlavi: [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwlg)
    Inscriptional Pahlavi: 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢‎ (gʿlg)
    - Classical Persian: گرگ‎ (gurg)
      - Iranian Persian: گرگ‎ (gorg)
      - Tajik: гург (gurg)

References

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