< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/daywáh

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *daywás.

Noun

*daywáh m

  1. demon; malevolent being

Descendants
  • Central Iranian:
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Scythian: [Term?]
      • Khotanese: [script needed] (dyū, “demon”)
      • Ossetian: [Term?] (“evil spirit”)
        Digor: ӕудеу (æwdew)
        Iron: ӕудиу (æwdiw)
    • Sogdian: [Term?] (“demon; unreliable person”)
      Sogdian: [script needed] (δyw /δēw/),
      Manichaean: 𐫔𐫏𐫇‎ (δyw /δēw/),
      Syriac: ܕܝܘ‎ (dyw /δēw/)
      • → Persian: لیوه‎ (līve, “unreliable, lier person”)
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Ishkashimi: [script needed] (lew, “a night-mare, a night-spectre that eats people”)
    • Pashto: دېو‎ (dew) (perhaps borrowed from Persian), دېب‎ (deb)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Baluchi: دیو‎ (dêw)
    • Kurdish: (“demon, giant, monster”)
      Central Kurdish: دێو‎ (dêw)
      Northern Kurdish: dêw
      Southern Kurdish: دێو‎ (dêw)
      Laki: دێڤ‎ (dêv)
    • Medo-Parthian: *daywə́h
      • Caspian:
        • Old Mazanderani: دیب‎ (dēb, “demon”)
          • Mazanderani: دب‎ (deb), دو‎ (dev)
        • Gilaki: یوها‎ (yuhā, “demon”) (perhaps)
      • Parthian:
        Manichaean: 𐫅𐫏𐫇‎ (dyw /dēw/, “demon”)
        • → Old Armenian: դև (dew)
        • ⇒ Parthian:
          Manichaean: 𐫅𐫏𐫇𐫃‎ (dywg /dēwag/, “insect; worm, vermin”)
          • → Persian: دیوک‎ (dīvak, “worm; insect; bug; toxic mushroom”), دیوه‎ (dīve, “silk worm”)
      • Old Tati:
        Old Azari: دیو‎ (dēw)
        • Karingani: dēv
        • Harzani: dev
      • Zazaki: dêw, dêb, dyêb
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Old Persian: 𐎭𐎡𐎺 (d-i-v /daivaʰ/)
      • Middle Persian:
        Manichaean: 𐫅𐫏𐫇‎ (dyw /dēw/, “evil spirit, demon”)
        Book Pahlavi: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ŠDYA /dēw/, “evil spirit, demon”)
        • Classical Persian: [Term?]
          • → Arabic: ديو‎ (díyu)
          • → Ottoman Turkish: دیو‎ (div)
          • → Urdu: دیو‎ (dīv)
          • Iranian Persian: دیو‎ (div, “demon”)
            • → English: div
        • ⇒ Middle Persian:
          Book Pahlavi: [Book Pahlavi needed] (dywwk' /dēwōg/, “leech”)
          • Persian: دیوک‎ (dīvok, dīvak, “leech”)
      • → Aramaic: דיוא‎ (daywā)
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