< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/-ištʰas

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-istHos, from *-yōs (elative suffix) +‎ *-tHós (adjectival suffix).[1][2] Cognate with Ancient Greek -ιστος (-istos), Proto-Germanic *-istaz.

Suffix

*-ištʰas

  1. superlative adjectival suffix.

Declension
Thematic
masculine feminine
nominative *-ištʰas *-ištʰaH
genitive *-ištʰasya *-ištʰaHs
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *-ištʰas *-ištʰaH *-ištʰās
vocative *-ištʰa *-ištʰaH *-ištʰās
accusative *-ištʰam *-ištʰaH *-ištʰans
genitive *-ištʰasya *? *-ištʰām
ablative *-ištʰāt *? *-ištʰamas
dative *-ištʰāy *? *-ištʰamas
locative *-ištʰay *? *-ištʰayšu
instrumental *-ištʰaH *? *-ištʰāš
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *-ištʰaH *-ištʰaH(a) *-ištʰaHas
vocative *-ištʰaH *-ištʰaH(a) *-ištʰaHas
accusative *-ištʰaHa *-ištʰaH(a) *-ištʰaHas
genitive *-ištʰaHs *? *-ištʰaHaHam
ablative *-ištʰaHs *? *-ištʰaHmas
dative *-ištʰaHay *? *-ištʰaHmas
locative *-ištʰaH, *-ištʰaHi *? *-ištʰaHsu
instrumental *-ištʰaHH *? *-ištʰaHbʰi
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *-ištʰam *-ištʰay(H) *-ištʰaH
vocative *-ištʰam *-ištʰay(H) *-ištʰaH
accusative *-ištʰam *-ištʰay(H) *-ištʰaH
genitive *-ištʰasya *? *-ištʰām
ablative *-ištʰāt *? *-ištʰamas
dative *-ištʰāy *? *-ištʰamas
locative *-ištʰay *? *-ištʰayšu
instrumental *-ištʰaH *? *-ištʰāš

Descendants
Category Proto-Indo-Iranian adjectives suffixed with *-ištʰas not found
  • Indo-Aryan: *-iṣṭʰas
    • Sanskrit: इष्ठ (-iṣṭha)
  • Iranian: *-ištah[3]
    • Avestan: 𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬀‎ (-išta)
    • Parthian: [script needed] (-yšt /-išt/)
    • Old Persian: [script needed] (-ista)
      • Middle Persian: [script needed] (st' /-ist/)

References
  1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2011) Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An Introduction, revised and corrected by Michiel de Vaan, 2nd edition, Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 221
  2. Ringe, Don (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic, Oxford University Press, page 284
  3. Windfuhr, Gernot (2010) The Iranian Languages (Routledge Language Family Series), Oxon, New York: Routledge, →ISBN, pages 79-80
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.