< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱwṓ

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From Pre-Proto-Indo-European *ḱwóns. Hamp has suggested derivation from *péḱu.[1] Perhaps related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-kʷəj-n.

Noun

*ḱwṓ m

  1. dog

Inflection
Athematic, hysterokinetic
singular
nominative *ḱwṓ
genitive *ḱunés
singular dual plural
nominative *ḱwṓ *ḱwónh₁(e) *ḱwónes
vocative *ḱwón *ḱwónh₁(e) *ḱwónes
accusative *ḱwónm̥ *ḱwónh₁(e) *ḱwónm̥s
genitive *ḱunés *? *ḱunóHom
ablative *ḱunés *? *ḱwn̥mós
dative *ḱunéy *? *ḱwn̥mós
locative *ḱwén, ḱwéni *? *ḱwn̥sú
instrumental *ḱunéh₁ *? *ḱwn̥bʰí

Descendants
  • Anatolian: [Term?]
    • 𒆪𒉿𒀸 (ku-wa-aš /kuwaš/), 𒆪𒉿𒈾𒀭 (ku-wa-na-an /kuwanan/, acc.sg.)
    • Luwian:
      Anatolian Hieroglyphs: [Anatolian Hieroglyphs needed] (zúwa/in(i)-)
    • Lydian: [script needed] (kan-)
  • Armenian:
  • Balto-Slavic: *ś(w)ō (stem *śun-)
  • Balto-Slavic: [Term?]
    • Slavic: *sǫka (see there for further descendants)
  • Celtic: *kū (genitive *kunos) (see there for further descendants)
  • Germanic: *hundaz (< *ḱun-tós or *ḱwn̥-tós) (see there for further descendants)
  • Hellenic: [Term?]
  • Indo-Iranian: *ćwā́ (see there for further descendants)
  • Italic: *kō (acc. *kwanem, gen. *kunos)
    • Latin: canis (see there for further descendants)
  • Phrygian: κύνας (kúnas, accusative plural)
  • Tocharian: *ku
    • Tocharian A: ku (oblique koṃ)
    • Tocharian B: ku (oblique kweṃ)

References
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  1. Hamp, Eric (1980) Indogermanische Forschungen, volume 85, pages 35–42
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