Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/temH-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*temH-

dark

Derived terms

► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Terms_derived_from_the_PIE_root_*temH-' title='Category:Terms derived from the PIE root *temH-'>Terms derived from the PIE root *temH-</a>

*temH-seh₂
- Balto-Slavic: *temsā́ˀ
  - Lithuanian: tamsa (“darkness”)
*témH-os ~ témH-es-os
- Germanic: *þemaz? *þemazą/*þemarą?
  - Old High German: demar
- Indo-Iranian: *támas (“darkness”)
  - Indo-Aryan: *támas
    - Sanskrit: तमस् (támas)
  - Iranian: *támah
    - Avestan: 𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀𐬵‎ (təmah)
    - Kurdish: تەم‎ (tam, “darkness, fog”)
    - Middle Persian: t(w)m (/tom/, “darkness”)
      - Persian: تم‎ (tam, “darkness, blackness, cataract”)
- Italic: *temezi (“in darkness, blindly”, locative singular)
  - Latin: temere (“by accident”)
*témH-(e)s-ros (“dark”)
- Germanic: *þimistraz (see there for further descendants)
- Indo-Iranian: *támisras, *támisraH (“dark night”)
  - Indo-Aryan: *támisras, *támisraH
    - Sanskrit: तमिस्र (támisra), तमिस्रा (támisrā)
- Italic: *temazrā (“darkness”)
  - Latin: tenebrae
*tm̥H-éh₂
- Balto-Slavic: *timāˀ (“darkness”)
  - Latvian: tima
  - Slavic: *tьmà (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted formations

Balto-Slavic: *temtei
- Lithuanian: témti (“to grow dark”) (present temstu)
Celtic: [Term?]
- Middle Irish: teim (“dark, grey”)
Celtic: *temeslos (“dark”) (see there for further descendants)

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