< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pérwr̥

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *per- +‎ *-wr̥.

Noun

*pérwr̥ n [1]

  1. ford, crossing

Inflection
Athematic, proterokinetic
singular collective
nominative *pérwr̥ *pérwōr
genitive *pr̥wéns *prunés
singular dual plural collective
nominative *pérwr̥ — — *pérwōr
vocative *pérwr̥ — — *pérwōr
accusative *pérwr̥ — — *pérwōr
genitive *pr̥wéns — — *prunés
ablative *pr̥wéns — — *prunés
dative *pr̥wéney — — *prunéy
locative *pr̥wén, *pr̥wéni — — *pr̥wén, *pr̥wéni
instrumental *pr̥wénh₁ — — *prunéh₁

Derived terms
  • *n̥-pérwō < *n̥-pér-won-s
    • Hellenic: *əpérwō
    • Indo-Iranian: *apárwā
      • Indo-Aryan: *apárwā
        • Sanskrit: अपर्वन् (aparván)

Descendants
  • Hellenic: *pérwər
    • Ancient Greek: πεῖρᾰρ (peîrar)
  • Indo-Iranian: *párwr̥
    • Indo-Aryan: *párwr̥

Noun

*pérwr̥ n [2][3]

  1. rock

Inflection
Athematic, acrostatic
singular
nominative *pérwr̥
genitive *péruns
singular dual plural
nominative *pérwr̥ *pérurih₁ *pérwr̥h₂
vocative *pérwr̥ *pérurih₁ *pérwr̥h₂
accusative *pérwr̥ *pérurih₁ *pérwr̥h₂
genitive *péruns *? *pérunoHom
ablative *péruns *? *pérunmos
dative *péruney *? *pérunmos
locative *pérun, *péruni *? *pérunsu
instrumental *pérunh₁ *? *pérunbʰi

Derived terms
  • *pérwn̥-to-s (“rocky”)[2][3]
    • Indo-Iranian: *párwatas[2]
      • Indo-Aryan: *párwatas
      • Iranian: *párwataH f
        • Younger Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬙𐬁‎ (paᵘruuatā)

Descendants
  • Anatolian: [Term?]
    • Hittite: 𒁉𒂊𒊒 (pé-e-ru /péru/, nom.acc.sg.), 𒁉𒂊𒊒𒉌 n (pé-e-ru-ni /péruni/, “rock”, dat.loc.sg.)
      • ⇒ Hittite: 𒁉𒂊𒊒𒈾𒀭𒍝 (pé-e-ru-na-an-za /pérunanta/, “rocky, craggy”)

References
  1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “πεῖραρ, -ατος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1163
  2. Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “párvata-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
  3. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 668-669
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