< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/mḗh₁n̥s

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From earlier **méh₁n̥ss, probably from *meh₁- (“to measure”).

Noun

*mḗh₁n̥s m (oblique stem *méh₁n̥s-)

  1. moon
  2. month

Inflection
Athematic, acrostatic
singular
nominative *mḗh₁n̥s
genitive *méh₁n̥sos
singular dual plural
nominative *mḗh₁n̥s *mḗh₁n̥sh₁(e) *mḗh₁n̥ses
vocative *mḗh₁n̥s *mḗh₁n̥sh₁(e) *mḗh₁n̥ses
accusative *mḗh₁n̥sm̥ *mḗh₁n̥sh₁(e) *mḗh₁n̥sm̥s
genitive *méh₁n̥sos *? *méh₁n̥soHom
ablative *méh₁n̥sos *? *méh₁n̥smos
dative *méh₁n̥sey *? *méh₁n̥smos
locative *méh₁n̥s, *méh₁n̥si *? *méh₁n̥su
instrumental *méh₁n̥sh₁ *? *méh₁n̥sbʰi

Descendants
  • Albanian: *māsnja (metathesized from earlier *mēns-)[1][2]
  • Armenian:[3]
  • Balto-Slavic: *meʔn-(e)s-[4]
    • Baltic:
      • Latvian: mēnesis (“month”), mēness (“moon”)
      • Lithuanian: mė́nuo
      • Old Prussian: menig (interpreted as corruption of menius, in turn presumably misspelling for original menins[5])
    • Slavic: *mě̋sę̄cь (< *meh₁n-s-(e)n-ko-)[6] (see there for further descendants)
  • Celtic: *mīns[7] (see there for further descendants)
  • Germanic:
  • Hellenic: *mḗns[10]
    • Attic Greek: μήν (mḗn), μείς (meís)
    • Doric Greek: μής (mḗs)
    • Elean Greek: μεύς (meús)
    • Aeolic Greek: μῆννος (mênnos)
  • Italic: *mēns-[11]
    • Latin: mēnsis (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Sabelic: *mēns-en-
      • Marsian: mesene (< *mēns-(e)n-(e)i)
      • Umbrian: 𐌌𐌄𐌍𐌆𐌍𐌄 (menzne), 𐌀𐌍𐌕𐌄𐌓⁚𐌌𐌄𐌍𐌆𐌀𐌓𐌖 (anter menzaru) (< *anter-mens-o/ā-)
  • Indo-Iranian: *mā́Has[12] (see there for further descendants)
  • Tocharian: *meñe (< *meh₁nē(n))[13]

References
  1. Orel, Vladimir (1998), “muaj ~ muej”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, page 276
  2. Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997), “muaj”, in Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: Investigations into the Albanian Inherited Lexicon] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7) (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 279
  3. Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “amis”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 47-48
  4. Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 311–312
  5. Reinhold Trautmann: Die altpreußischen Sprachdenkmäler; Göttingen 1910. p. XXIII
  6. Derksen, Rick (2008), “313”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 312
  7. Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 272
  8. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*mēnan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 365
  9. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*mēnōþ-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 365
  10. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “μήν 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 945
  11. De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “mēnsis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 373
  12. Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project)‎, Leiden University
  13. Adams, Douglas Q. (1999), “meñe”, in A dictionary of Tocharian B (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN
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