< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/káput

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *kap- (“seize, hold”), possibly of substrate origin.[1]

Noun

káput[2][1][3][4] ~ *kap-wét-s[5][6]

  1. head

Inflection
Athematic, proterokinetic
singular
nominative *káput
genitive *kapwéts
singular dual plural
nominative *káput — —
vocative *káput — —
accusative *káput — —
genitive *kapwéts — —
ablative *kapwéts — —
dative *kapwétey — —
locative *kapwét, *kapwéti — —
instrumental *kapwéth₁ — —

Descendants
  • Germanic: *hafudą ~ *haubeþaz (“head”) (metathesized < *habweþaz)[5] (see there for further descendants)
  • Italic: *kaput[7]
    • Latin: caput (“head”) (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Schrijver, Peter. 1997. "Animal, vegetable and mineral: some Western European substratum words". In: Lubotsky, A. Sound Law and Analogy, pp. 293–316. Amsterdam/Atlanta.
  2. Pokorny, Julius (1959), “kap-ut”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 529-530
  3. Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 100-101
  4. Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 270
  5. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*ha(u)beda- ~ *ha(u)buda-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 215
  6. Kluge, Friedrich (1989), “Haupt”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological dictionary of the German language] (in German), 22nd edition, →ISBN
  7. De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “caput, -itis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 91
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