< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰudʰmḗn

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Possible metathesis from *dʰewbʰ- ~ *dʰubʰ- (“deep”) +‎ *-mḗn (see *-mn̥); if this is true, then *dʰewbʰ- has an Indo-Iranian cognate.[1]

Noun

*bʰudʰmḗn m (oblique stem *bʰudʰ(m̥)n-)

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Inflection
Athematic, hysterokinetic
singular
nominative *bʰudʰmḗn
genitive *bʰudʰm̥nés
singular dual plural
nominative *bʰudʰmḗn *bʰudʰménh₁(e) *bʰudʰménes
vocative *bʰudʰmén *bʰudʰménh₁(e) *bʰudʰménes
accusative *bʰudʰménm̥ *bʰudʰménh₁(e) *bʰudʰménm̥s
genitive *bʰudʰm̥nés *? *bʰudʰm̥nóHom
ablative *bʰudʰm̥nés *? *bʰudʰmn̥mós
dative *bʰudʰm̥néy *? *bʰudʰmn̥mós
locative *bʰudʰmén, *bʰudʰméni *? *bʰudʰmn̥sú
instrumental *bʰudʰm̥néh₁ *? *bʰudʰmn̥bʰí

Kroonen suggests the loss of the -m- in the oblique stem early in PIE. This shortened oblique form *bʰudʰn- may have been reanalyzed as a thematic noun *bʰudʰnós.[2]

Athematic, hysterokinetic
singular
nominative *bʰudʰmḗn
genitive *bʰudʰnés
singular dual plural
nominative *bʰudʰmḗn *bʰudʰménh₁(e) *bʰudʰménes
vocative *bʰudʰmén *bʰudʰménh₁(e) *bʰudʰménes
accusative *bʰudʰménm̥ *bʰudʰménh₁(e) *bʰudʰménm̥s
genitive *bʰudʰnés *? *bʰudʰnóHom
ablative *bʰudʰnés *? *bʰudʰn̥mós
dative *bʰudʰnéy *? *bʰudʰn̥mós
locative *bʰudʰmén, *bʰudʰméni *? *bʰudʰn̥sú
instrumental *bʰudʰnéh₁ *? *bʰudʰn̥bʰí

Derived terms
  • *n̥-budʰnós[3][4] (*n̥- (“not”) + *bʰudʰ(m̥)nós)
    • Armenian:
    • Indo-Iranian: *abʰudʰnás
      • Indo-Aryan: *abudʰnás
      • Iranian: *abuHnáh
        • Middle Persian: ʾbwn' (a-bun)

Descendants
  • Celtic: *bundos (with metathesis) (see there for further descendants)
  • Germanic: *butmô, *butmaz[1] (see there for further descendants)
  • Hellenic: *putʰmḗn
  • Indo-Iranian: *bʰudʰnás (innovative thematic form) (see there for further descendants)
  • Italic: *fundos[2] (with metathesis)

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*budman- ~ *buttman-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 82
  2. De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “fundus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 250
  3. Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 28
  4. Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 80: “However, one cannot be absolutely sure whether we are dealing with a shared innovation or independent developments in Indo-Iranian and Armenian.”
  5. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “πυθμήν”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1255
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