Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰardʰeh₂

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Possibly Northern Indo-European substratum word or a late PIE regionalism with otherwise atypical/non-existent phoneme */a/.

Noun

*bʰardʰeh₂ f

beard

Inflection

Thematic in *-eh₂
	singular
nominative	*bʰardʰeh₂
genitive	*bʰardʰeh₂s
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*bʰardʰeh₂	*bʰardʰeh₂h₁(e)	*bʰardʰeh₂es
vocative	*bʰardʰeh₂	*bʰardʰeh₂h₁(e)	*bʰardʰeh₂es
accusative	*bʰardʰām	*bʰardʰeh₂h₁(e)	*bʰardʰeh₂m̥s
genitive	*bʰardʰeh₂s	*?	*bʰardʰeh₂oHom
ablative	*bʰardʰeh₂s	*?	*bʰardʰeh₂mos
dative	*bʰardʰeh₂ey	*?	*bʰardʰeh₂mos
locative	bʰardʰeh₂, bʰardʰeh₂i	*?	*bʰardʰeh₂su
instrumental	*bʰardʰeh₂h₁	*?	*bʰardʰeh₂bʰi

Synonyms

*smóḱwr̥ (“chin, beard”)

Derived terms

*bʰardʰeh₂tos (“bearded”)

Descendants

Balto-Slavic: *bardā́ˀ (see there for further descendants)
Germanic: *bardaz (see there for further descendants)
Italic: *farβā
- Latin: barba < initial b- assimilated to -rb- from earlier *farba (see there for further descendants)
→ Finnic: *parta (either from Germanic or Baltic) (see there for further descendants)

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 55
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 69
Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q., editors (1997) Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 251

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