Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/watōr

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wédōr, collective of *wódr̥.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈwɑ.tɔːr/

Noun

*watōr n

water

Inflection

The original heteroclitic alternation of r/n was preserved. The plural forms preserve the zero-grade forms of the suffix, and are like those of a neuter a-stem noun.

heteroclitic, irregularDeclension of *watōr (heteroclitic, irregular)
	singular	plural
nominative	*watōr	*watnō
vocative	*watōr	*watnō
accusative	*watōr	*watnō
genitive	*watiniz	*watnǫ̂
dative	*watini	*watnamaz
instrumental	*watinē	*watnamiz

Derived terms

*watrīgaz

Descendants

Old English: wæter, water, ƿæter
- Middle English: water, watere, watir, waterre
  - English: water
  - Scots: wattir, watir
  - Yola: waudher
Old Frisian: weter, water, wetir
- North Frisian: weeter, woar, waer, waar
  Föhr-Amrum: weeder
  Mooring: wååder
- Saterland Frisian: Woater
- West Frisian: wetter
Old Saxon: watar
- Middle Low German: wāter
  - Dutch Low Saxon: water (Drents, Twents)
  - Low German: Water
  - Plautdietsch: Wota
Old Dutch: watar
- Middle Dutch: wāter
  - Dutch: water
    - Afrikaans: water
  - Limburgish: water
  - West Flemish: woater
Old High German: wazzar
- Middle High German: waʒʒer
  - Alemannic German: Wasser, Wâser
    Alsatian: Wasser, Wâsser, Wàser
    Italian Walser: wasser, wàsser
  - Bavarian: Wossa
    Cimbrian: bassar, bazzar
    Gottscheerish: boßər, bàsser
    Mòcheno: bòsser
    Udinese: bosser, bosar, bòsser
  - Central Franconian: Wasser, Waßer
    Hunsrik: Wasser, waser
    Transylvanian Saxon: Wåsser
  - East Central German:
    Silesian German: Woasser, Wosser, Wasser
    Upper Saxon: Wassor
  - German: Wasser
    - Unserdeutsch: Wasser
  - Luxembourgish: Waasser
  - Rhine Franconian: Wasser
    Hessian: Wassä
    Pennsylvania German: Wasser
  - Vilamovian: wosser, woser
  - Yiddish: וואַסער‎ (vaser)
Old Norse: vatn
- Icelandic: vatn
- Faroese: vatn
- Norn: vatn
- Norwegian:
  - Norwegian Bokmål: vann, vass- (e.g. in vassblå)
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: vatn, vass- (e.g. in vassbasert)
- Old Swedish: vatn, vatu-
  - Swedish: vatten, vattu- (e.g. in Vattumannen)
- Old Danish: watn, wan, wand
  - Danish: vand
- Scanian: vann
- Gutnish: vattn
- Elfdalian: wattn
- Westrobothnian: vâtn
Gothic: 𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉 (watō)

References

Ringe, Don (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic, Oxford University Press, page 197

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