Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stukkaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewg- (“to push; hit”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈstuk.kɑz/

Noun

*stukkaz m

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *stukkaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*stukkaz	stukkōz, stukkōs
vocative	*stukk	stukkōz, stukkōs
accusative	*stukką	*stukkanz
genitive	stukkas, stukkis	*stukkǫ̂
dative	*stukkai	*stukkamaz
instrumental	*stukkō	*stukkamiz

Related terms

*stukkiją

Descendants

Old English: stocc
- Middle English: stokke, stocke, stok
  - Scots: stok
  - English: stock
Old Frisian: stokk, stok
- Saterland Frisian: Stok
- West Frisian: stoak
Old Saxon: stokk
- Middle Low German: stok
  - German Low German: Stock
Frankish: *stokk
- Old Dutch: *stokk, stok
  - Middle Dutch: stock, stoc
    - Dutch: stok
- → Old French: estoc
  - Middle French: estoc
    - French: estoc
  - → Italian: stocco
Old High German: stoc
- Middle High German: stoc
  - Central Franconian: Stock
  - German: Stock
  - Luxembourgish: Stack
Old Norse: stokkr
- Icelandic: stokkur
- Faroese: stokkur
- Norwegian: stokk
- Old Swedish: stokker
  - Swedish: stock
  - → Finnish: tukki (“log”)
    - → Inari Sami: tukki (“log”)
  - → Karelian: tukki (“log”)
- → Southern Sami: stuehkie
- → Northern Sami: stohkka
- Danish: stok
→ Celtic: *tsŭkk- (via metathesis)
- Gaulish: *'śokka
  - → Old French: çoche, choque
    - Middle French: souche
      - French: souche
    - → Middle English: *chokke, *chukke
      - English: chock
- Breton: soc’h
- Old Irish: tócht

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