Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/steupa-

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *steupaz (“pushed away; cut off; abandoned; deserted; orphaned”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- (“to push”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsteu̯.pɑ/

Prefix

*steupa-

step-

Derived terms

*steupabarną
*steupabrōþēr
*steupaduhtēr
*steupafadēr
*steupakindą
*steupamōdēr
*steupaswestēr
*steupasunuz

Related terms

*stiupijaną

Descendants

Note: many descendants altered p to f under the influence of the f in words for "stepfather", which were then carried over to the other forms.

Old English: stēop-, stēp-
- Middle English: steop-, step-, stappe-, stef-
  - English: step-
  - Scots: step-
Old Frisian: stiāp-
- Saterland Frisian: stäif- (possibly from Low German)
- West Frisian: styp-, styf-
Old Saxon: *stiop-
- Middle Low German: stiep-, stip-, stêf-, stîf-
  - German Low German: steev-, steef-
Old Dutch: *stiop-
- Middle Dutch: stiep-, stippe-, stief-
  - Dutch: stief-
Old High German: stiof-
- Middle High German: stief-
  - German: stief-
Old Norse: stjúp-
- Icelandic: stjúp-
- Faroese: stjúk- (?)
- Norwegian: styk- (< stjúk-, stýk-)
- Swedish: styv- (possibly merged with Low German)
- Danish: stiv-
- Westrobothnian: stju-

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