< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skakulaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms
  • *skakilaz

Etymology

From *skakaną +‎ *-ulaz.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈskɑ.ku.lɑz/

Noun

*skakulaz m

  1. a link in a chain
  2. a fetter

Inflection
masculine a-stemDeclension of *skakulaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *skakulaz *skakulōz, *skakulōs
vocative *skakul *skakulōz, *skakulōs
accusative *skakulą *skakulanz
genitive *skakulas, *skakulis *skakulǫ̂
dative *skakulai *skakulamaz
instrumental *skakulō *skakulamiz

Descendants
  • Old English: sċacul, sċeacul, sċeacel; sċecel (< *skakilaz)
    • Middle English: scheakel, schakle, schakylle, schakkyl
      • Scots: schakill, schaikill, scheckell
      • English: shackle
        • Danish: sjækkel
        • Norwegian: sjakkel
        • Swedish: schackel
        • Marshallese: jakōļ
  • Old Frisian: *skakel
    • Saterland Frisian: Schakel
    • West Frisian: skeakel (possibly from Middle Dutch)
  • Old Saxon: *skakul
    • Middle Low German: schākel
      • German Low German: Schakel
      • German: Schäckel (possibly from English?)
  • Old Dutch: scākel (in derivatives)
  • Old Norse: skǫkull; skekill (< *skakilaz)
    • Icelandic: skökull, skakel, skekil
    • Norwegian: skakel
    • Swedish: skakel
    • Danish: skagle
    • Westrobothnian: skackahl, skökkel
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