Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kwernō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *gʷérh₂nus, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₂- (“heavy”). Cognate with Lithuanian girna (“grindstone, millstone”), Russian жёрнов (žórnov, “grindstone, millstone”), Old Irish bró (“millstone, handmill”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkʷer.nɔː/

Noun

*kwernō f

millstone
handmill; quern

Inflection

ō-stemDeclension of *kwernō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*kwernō	*kwernôz
vocative	*kwernō	*kwernôz
accusative	*kwernǭ	*kwernōz
genitive	*kwernōz	*kwernǫ̂
dative	*kwernōi	*kwernōmaz
instrumental	*kwernō	*kwernōmiz

Related terms

*kwernuz

Descendants

Old English: cweorn
- Middle English: cwerne, quern
  - Scots: querne, quern, queirn
  - English: quern, kern (dialectal), curn
Old Frisian: quern
- North Frisian: quern
Old Saxon: querna; (kwern, quern)
- Middle Low German: querne; (quern)
Old Dutch: *kwerna
- Middle Dutch: querne, queerne, quaerne
  - Dutch: kweern
Old High German: chwirna; (kwirn, quirn, kurn, churn)
- Middle High German: churne, kürne; (kurn, kürn)
Old Norse: kvern
- Icelandic: kvern, kvörn
- Faroese: kvørn
- Norwegian: kvern
- Old Swedish: kværn, kvarn
  - Swedish: kvarn
- Old Danish: kwærn
  - Danish: kværn
- Westrobothnian: qwarn
- Elfdalian: kwenn
- Jamtish: kvæðn
- Gutnish: kvänn
- Scanian: kværn
→ Proto-Samic:
- Northern Sami: giertnas

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.