Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kinþiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis, oblique *ǵn̥h₁tí-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkin.θiz/

Noun

*kinþiz f

kind, race

Inflection

The original stem ablaut was preserved.

i-stemDeclension of *kinþiz (i-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*kinþiz	*kinþīz
vocative	*kinþi	*kinþīz
accusative	*kinþį	*kinþīnz
genitive	*kundīz	*kundijǫ̂
dative	*kundī	*kundimaz
instrumental	*kundī	*kundimiz

Descendants

Old English shows levelling of the oblique stem with Verner alternation, while Old Norse shows the strong stem with levelled Verner alternation.

Old English: cynd
- Middle English: cunde, kunde, kynde
  - English: kind
Old Norse: kind
- Icelandic: kind

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill

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