Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hraukaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Unknown; but apparently cognate with Lithuanian kruvà, krûvà (“pile, heap, stack”), Old Irish crúach (“stack of corn, rick”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxrɑu̯.kɑz/

Noun

*hraukaz m

pile (of stones); heap
haystack

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *hraukaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hraukaz	hraukōz, hraukōs
vocative	*hrauk	hraukōz, hraukōs
accusative	*hrauką	*hraukanz
genitive	hraukas, hraukis	*hraukǫ̂
dative	*hraukai	*hraukamaz
instrumental	*hraukō	*hraukamiz

Derived terms

*hraukilaz

Related terms

*hrukō

Descendants

Old English: hrēac
- Middle English: reek
  - Scots: rek, reke
  - English: reek
Old Dutch: *hrouk, *hrōk
- Middle Dutch: rooc
  - Dutch: rook
Old Norse: hraukr
- Icelandic: hraukur
- Faroese: reykur
- Norwegian: rauk
- Old Swedish: rø̄ker
  - Swedish: rök
- Danish: røg
- Westrobothnian: rauk
- Gutnish: rauk
  - → Swedish: rauk
- Middle English: *rowk, roke, rooke
  - Scots: rowke, rouk, rook
? Finnic:
- → Estonian: rõuk
- → Finnish: röykkiö, roukkio
- → Ingrian: roukko
- → Veps: rouk

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