< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic

Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/īsarnom

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ēsh₂r̥no- (“bloody, red”), from *h₁ésh₂r̥ (“blood”),[1] but the long ē (which regularly became ī in Proto-Celtic) is unexplained. A connection with *ish₂ros (“supernatural, holy”) (compare Ancient Greek ἱερός (hierós, “supernatural, holy”), Sanskrit इषिर (iṣira, “refreshing”)) is also possible, though here too the long ī (which is confirmed by the Proto-Germanic loanword *īsarną) is unexplained.[2]

Noun

*īsarnom n

  1. iron

Declension
Neuter o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *īsarnom *īsarnou *īsarnā
vocative *īsarnom *īsarnou *īsarnā
accusative *īsarnom *īsarnou *īsarnā
genitive *īsarnī *īsarnous *īsarnom
dative *īsarnūi *īsarnobom *īsarnobos
instrumental *īsarnū *īsarnobim *īsarnobis

Descendants
  • Brythonic: *hiyarn (< *sīarnom by metathesis)[3]
    • Old Breton: hoiarn
      • Middle Breton: houarnn
    • Old Cornish: hoern
    • Middle Welsh: haearn
  • Old Irish: íarn
  • Gaulish: Isarnus (proper name)
  • → Proto-Germanic: *īsarną (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Warren Cowgill, Indogermanische Grammatik, 1, 1. Halbband, Heidelberg: Winter, 1987, page 68
  2. Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 172
  3. Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 383
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.