-եալ

Old Armenian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-isālo-, composed of the aorist suffix *-is-ā- and the suffix *-lo-. Cognate with Old Church Slavonic -лъ (-lъ), used in the formation of the periphrastic Slavic perfect, e.g. неслъ (neslŭ), билъ (bilŭ, “beaten”).

Suffix

-եալ • (-eal)

  1. Attached to the aorist stem of the verb to form its participle.
    մնալ ― mnal ― to remain
    մնաց- ― mnacʿ- ― [the aorist stem]
    մնացեալ ― mnacʿeal ― left, remaining
  2. Forming adjectives.

Usage notes

Old Armenian had one true participle, the “past” one. See the notes at -ող (-oł).

Declension
o-type
singular plural
nominative -եալ (-eal) -եալք (-ealkʿ)
genitive -ելոյ (-eloy) -ելոց (-elocʿ)
dative -ելոյ (-eloy) -ելոց (-elocʿ)
accusative -եալ (-eal) -եալս (-eals)
ablative -ելոյ (-eloy) -ելոց (-elocʿ)
instrumental -ելով (-elov) -ելովք (-elovkʿ)
locative -եալ (-eal) -եալս (-eals)

Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Old_Armenian_words_suffixed_with_-%D5%A5%D5%A1%D5%AC' title='Category:Old Armenian words suffixed with -եալ'>Old Armenian words suffixed with -եալ</a>

Descendants

References
  • Fortson, Benjamin W. (2010) Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, second edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 392
  • J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1998), “-եալ”, in Hin hayereni verǰacancʿneri cagumə [The Origin of Old Armenian Suffixes] (Hayocʿ lezvi hamematakan kʿerakanutʿyan harcʿer; 2) (in Armenian), Yerevan: Anania Širakacʿi, pages 5–48
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