-ès

• (Valencia) -és

From Old Occitan [Term?] (compare Occitan -és), from Latin -ēnsis (compare French -ais, Spanish -és, Italian -ese).

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /ˈ-əs/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /ˈ-ɛs/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈ-es/

-ès (feminine -esa, masculine plural -esos, feminine plural -eses)

1. -ese; Used to form an adjective with the meaning of “pertinent thereto”.

-ès m (plural -esos, feminine -esa)

1. -ese; Used to form a noun with the meaning of “an inhabitant thereof”.

-ès m (uncountable)

1. -ese; Used to form a proper noun with the meaning of “the language used by the inhabitants thereof”.

• Unlike English, where the capitalization of the proper noun is retained when a suffix is added, in Catalan, when this suffix is used with a place name, the capitalization is dropped, even when forming a language name that is itself a proper noun. Hence Irlanda (“Ireland”) + -ès yields irlandès not *Irlandès.