-ksua
Finnish
Etymology
-ksi + -ua, originally with a stative meaning as seen in omaksua.
For the occasional final change -A- > -e-, compare -ntaa.
Suffix
-ksua (front vowel harmony variant -ksyä)
Conjugation
| Inflection of -ksua (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | -ksun | en -ksu | 1st sing. | olen -ksunut | en ole -ksunut | |
| 2nd sing. | -ksut | et -ksu | 2nd sing. | olet -ksunut | et ole -ksunut | |
| 3rd sing. | -ksuu | ei -ksu | 3rd sing. | on -ksunut | ei ole -ksunut | |
| 1st plur. | -ksumme | emme -ksu | 1st plur. | olemme -ksuneet | emme ole -ksuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | -ksutte | ette -ksu | 2nd plur. | olette -ksuneet | ette ole -ksuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | -ksuvat | eivät -ksu | 3rd plur. | ovat -ksuneet | eivät ole -ksuneet | |
| passive | -ksutaan | ei -ksuta | passive | on -ksuttu | ei ole -ksuttu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | -ksuin | en -ksunut | 1st sing. | olin -ksunut | en ollut -ksunut | |
| 2nd sing. | -ksuit | et -ksunut | 2nd sing. | olit -ksunut | et ollut -ksunut | |
| 3rd sing. | -ksui | ei -ksunut | 3rd sing. | oli -ksunut | ei ollut -ksunut | |
| 1st plur. | -ksuimme | emme -ksuneet | 1st plur. | olimme -ksuneet | emme olleet -ksuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | -ksuitte | ette -ksuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte -ksuneet | ette olleet -ksuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | -ksuivat | eivät -ksuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat -ksuneet | eivät olleet -ksuneet | |
| passive | -ksuttiin | ei -ksuttu | passive | oli -ksuttu | ei ollut -ksuttu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | -ksuisin | en -ksuisi | 1st sing. | olisin -ksunut | en olisi -ksunut | |
| 2nd sing. | -ksuisit | et -ksuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit -ksunut | et olisi -ksunut | |
| 3rd sing. | -ksuisi | ei -ksuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi -ksunut | ei olisi -ksunut | |
| 1st plur. | -ksuisimme | emme -ksuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme -ksuneet | emme olisi -ksuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | -ksuisitte | ette -ksuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte -ksuneet | ette olisi -ksuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | -ksuisivat | eivät -ksuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat -ksuneet | eivät olisi -ksuneet | |
| passive | -ksuttaisiin | ei -ksuttaisi | passive | olisi -ksuttu | ei olisi -ksuttu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | -ksu | älä -ksu | 2nd sing. | ole -ksunut | älä ole -ksunut | |
| 3rd sing. | -ksukoon | älköön -ksuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon -ksunut | älköön olko -ksunut | |
| 1st plur. | -ksukaamme | älkäämme -ksuko | 1st plur. | olkaamme -ksuneet | älkäämme olko -ksuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | -ksukaa | älkää -ksuko | 2nd plur. | olkaa -ksuneet | älkää olko -ksuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | -ksukoot | älkööt -ksuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot -ksuneet | älkööt olko -ksuneet | |
| passive | -ksuttakoon | älköön -ksuttako | passive | olkoon -ksuttu | älköön olko -ksuttu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | -ksunen | en -ksune | 1st sing. | lienen -ksunut | en liene -ksunut | |
| 2nd sing. | -ksunet | et -ksune | 2nd sing. | lienet -ksunut | et liene -ksunut | |
| 3rd sing. | -ksunee | ei -ksune | 3rd sing. | lienee -ksunut | ei liene -ksunut | |
| 1st plur. | -ksunemme | emme -ksune | 1st plur. | lienemme -ksuneet | emme liene -ksuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | -ksunette | ette -ksune | 2nd plur. | lienette -ksuneet | ette liene -ksuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | -ksunevat | eivät -ksune | 3rd plur. | lienevät -ksuneet | eivät liene -ksuneet | |
| passive | -ksuttaneen | ei -ksuttane | passive | lienee -ksuttu | ei liene -ksuttu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | -ksua | present | -ksuva | -ksuttava | ||
| long 1st2 | -ksuakseen | past | -ksunut | -ksuttu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | -ksuessa | -ksuttaessa | agent1, 3 | -ksuma | |
| instructive | -ksuen | — | negative | -ksumaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | -ksumassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | -ksumasta | — | ||||
| illative | -ksumaan | — | ||||
| adessive | -ksumalla | — | ||||
| abessive | -ksumatta | — | ||||
| instructive | -ksuman | -ksuttaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | -ksuminen | ||||
| partitive | -ksumista | |||||
| 5th2 | -ksumaisillaan | |||||
Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Finnish_words_suffixed_with_-ksua' title='Category:Finnish words suffixed with -ksua'>Finnish words suffixed with -ksua</a>
See also
- -ksia
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