हिङ्गु

Sanskrit

Etymology

Borrowed from Proto-Iranian *Hángwr̥, with an unexpected shift from *a to i. Cognate with Khotanese [script needed] (aṃgūṣḍa), Persian انگدان‎ (angodān), انگژد‎ (angožad), Chinese 阿魏. Also borrowed into Chinese 形虞 (MC ɦeŋ ŋɨo).

Pronunciation

Noun

हिङ्गु • (hiṅgú) m[1]

  1. asafoetida (Ferula assa-foetida)
  2. a kind of liquid made from the roots of asafoetida

Declension
Masculine u-stem declension of हिङ्गु (hiṅgu)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative हिङ्गुः
hiṅguḥ		 हिङ्गू
hiṅgū		 हिङ्गवः
hiṅgavaḥ
Vocative हिङ्गो
hiṅgo		 हिङ्गू
hiṅgū		 हिङ्गवः
hiṅgavaḥ
Accusative हिङ्गुम्
hiṅgum		 हिङ्गू
hiṅgū		 हिङ्गून्
hiṅgūn
Instrumental हिङ्गुना / हिङ्ग्वा¹
hiṅgunā / hiṅgvā¹		 हिङ्गुभ्याम्
hiṅgubhyām		 हिङ्गुभिः
hiṅgubhiḥ
Dative हिङ्गवे / हिङ्ग्वे²
hiṅgave / hiṅgve²		 हिङ्गुभ्याम्
hiṅgubhyām		 हिङ्गुभ्यः
hiṅgubhyaḥ
Ablative हिङ्गोः / हिङ्ग्वः²
hiṅgoḥ / hiṅgvaḥ²		 हिङ्गुभ्याम्
hiṅgubhyām		 हिङ्गुभ्यः
hiṅgubhyaḥ
Genitive हिङ्गोः / हिङ्ग्वः²
hiṅgoḥ / hiṅgvaḥ²		 हिङ्ग्वोः
hiṅgvoḥ		 हिङ्गूनाम्
hiṅgūnām
Locative हिङ्गौ
hiṅgau		 हिङ्ग्वोः
hiṅgvoḥ		 हिङ्गुषु
hiṅguṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Less common

Descendants
  • Dardic: [Term?]
    • Kashmiri: [Term?] (/yangi/)
  • Gujarati: હિંગ (hiṅg)
  • Hindi: हींग (hīṅg)
  • Marathi: हिंग (hiṅg)

Borrowed terms
Terms borrowed from हिङ्गु (hiṅgu)
  • Chinese: 形虞 (xíngyú)
    • Shan: သိင်းၶူဝ်ႇ (sʰiŋ₄ kʰo₂)
    • Tibetan: ཤིང་ཀུན། (shing kun)
  • Dravidian: [Term?]
    • Kannada: ಇಂಗು (iṅgu)
    • Telugu: ఇంగువ (iṅguva)
  • Nepali: हिङ (hiṅ)
  • Persian: [script needed] (hing)
  • Semnani: [script needed] (xing, “sage”), [script needed] (hīng, “asafoetida”) (Afdari)
  • Sogdian: [2]
    Buddhist: [script needed] (ʾynkw /inku/)
  • Tajik: ("Ferula teterrima")
    Badakhshan: [script needed] (ying), [script needed] (ing)
    Darvoz: [script needed] (hing-i badbuy)
  • Wakhi: [script needed] (ying), [script needed] (ing)

References
  1. Monier Williams (1899), “हिङ्गु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 1298.
  2. Gharib, B. (1995), “ʾynkw”, in Sogdian dictionary: Sogdian–Persian–English, Tehran: Farhangan Publications, page 87b

Further reading
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