ճակնդեղ

Armenian

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian ճակնդեղ (čakndeł).

Pronunciation

  • (file)
  • (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [t͡ʃɑkənˈdɛʁ]

Noun

ճակնդեղ (čakndeł)

  1. beet, Beta vulgaris (plant); beetroot
    Synonyms: բազուկ (bazuk), տակ (tak)

Declension


Middle Armenian

Etymology

From Old Armenian ճակնդեղ (čakndeł).

Noun

ճակնդեղ (čakndeł) (genitive singular ճակնդեղի)

  1. beet, Beta vulgaris (plant); beetroot
    Synonyms: չքնտուր (čʿkʿntur), բազուկ (bazuk), սիլխ (silx)

Derived terms

  • ճակնդեղուկ (čakndełuk)

Further reading


Old Armenian

Alternative forms

  • ճականդեղ (čakandeł)

Etymology

Borrowing from Middle Iranian *čakundar, the ending contaminated with դեղ (deł, herb).[1][2][3][4] See Persian چغندر (čoğondar) for more.

Middle Armenian ճակն (čakn, beet) and dialectal ճակն-բույս (čakn-buys), ճակն-խոտ (čakn-xot, names of certain plants) given by Haybusak,[5] if secure, should be explained as late back-formations from ճակնդեղ (čakndeł) by folk etymology.[1]

On the other hand, based on the old attestation in Armenian and the supposed independent existence of ճակն (čakn), Ačaṙean is inclined to derive the Iranian words from Armenian,[6] but this is rejected by Asatryan.[7]

Noun

ճակնդեղ (čakndeł)

  1. beet, Beta vulgaris (plant); beetroot
    Synonym: բանջար (banǰar)
    • 5th century, Bible, Isaiah 51.20:
      Որդիքն քո տարակուսեալք՝ որ ննջեն ի կիցս ամենայն ճանապարհաց, իբրեւ զճակնդեղ կիսեփեաց []
      Ordikʿn kʿo tarakusealkʿ, or nnǰen i kicʿs amenayn čanaparhacʿ, ibrew zčakndeł kisepʿeacʿ []
      • Translation by John A. C. Greppin
        Your sons have fainted, and it is they who lie at the juncture of every highway like half-cooked beets []

Descendants

References

  1. Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 186
  2. Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 97
  3. Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 678
  4. J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010), ճակն”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 486
  5. Ališan, Łewond (1895) Haybusak kam haykakan busabaṙutʿiwn [Armenian Botany] (in Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, pages 395–396
  6. Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1977), ճակն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume III, 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, pages 176–177
  7. Asatryan, Gaṙnik (1990), “Ardyokʿ ka?n haykakan pʿoxaṙutʿyunner nor parskerenum [Are There Armenian Borrowings in New Persian?]”, in Patma-banasirakan handes [Historical-Philological Journal] (in Armenian), issue 3, page 141 of 139–144

Further reading

  • Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1837), ճակնդեղ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 167a
  • Łazarean, Ṙ. S. (2000), ճակնդեղ”, in Tʿosunean G. B., editor, Grabari baṙaran [Dictionary of Old Armenian] (in Armenian), volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 119a
  • Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), ճակնդեղ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 436a
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