Sebastian Vettel

Vettel became BMW Sauber's third driver at the 2006 Turkish Grand Prix, when former incumbent Robert Kubica was called up to replace Jacques Villeneuve for the 2006 Hungarian Grand Prix.[69] On his testing debut, Vettel set the fastest time in the second Friday Free Practice before the race.[70] In doing so, Vettel became the youngest Formula One driver to participate in a Grand Prix weekend at 19 years and 53 days, though this record was later broken by Max Verstappen. Vettel also received the unfortunate record of collecting his first fine less than ten seconds into his career for exceeding the pitlane speed limit on the way to the track for the first time.[71] In his second testing session in the 2006 Italian Grand Prix, he set the fastest time in both Friday practice sessions,[72] a race weekend in which all the BMW cars were quick, with his predecessor Robert Kubica finishing on the podium in the race.[73]

Vettel was confirmed as BMW's test driver for 2007.[74] Following the serious crash of regular BMW driver Kubica at the Canadian Grand Prix, Vettel substituted for him at the United States Grand Prix.[75] He started in seventh position on the grid, finishing in eighth position on Sunday to become the youngest driver to score a point in Formula One, a record previously held by Jenson Button.[76]

On 31 July 2007, BMW released Vettel to join Red Bull's Scuderia Toro Rosso team, replacing Scott Speed as one of its drivers from the Hungarian Grand Prix onwards (as he was already under contract to Red Bull).[77] He earned approximately US$165,000 for finishing the season with Toro Rosso.[78] Before the race, it was also announced that Vettel would drive for Toro Rosso in 2008,[79] alongside Sébastien Bourdais.[80]

Vettel driving his Toro Rosso STR2 at the 2007 Brazilian Grand Prix

In the rain-affected Japanese Grand Prix at Fuji, Vettel worked his way up to third, behind Lewis Hamilton and Red Bull Racing's Mark Webber, and seemed to be on course for his and the team's maiden podium finish. However, Vettel crashed into Webber under safety car conditions, forcing both cars to retire. Webber said in an interview after the race, "It's kids isn't it. Kids with not enough experience – you do a good job and then they fuck it all up", and also criticised Lewis Hamilton's contribution toward the accident, describing his antics behind the safety car as "shit".[81][82] Vettel was initially punished with a ten-place grid penalty for the following race, but this was lifted after a spectator video on YouTube showed the incident may have been caused by Hamilton's behaviour behind the safety car.[83]

Vettel finished a career-best fourth a week later at the Chinese Grand Prix, having started 17th on the grid while in mixed conditions. He collected five championship points, making it both his and Toro Rosso's best race result.[84] Red Bull owner Dietrich Mateschitz stated his belief Vettel would be one of Formula One's big stars in the future. "Vettel is one of the young guys with extraordinary potential [...] He is fast, he is intelligent, and he is very interested in the technical side."[85]

After four races of the 2008 season, Vettel was the only driver to have failed to finish a single race, having retired on the first lap in three of them. In each of these three instances, he was involved in accidents caused by other drivers, the other being an engine failure. However, at the fifth round at the Turkish Grand Prix, he finally saw the chequered flag, albeit finishing in 17th after qualifying 14th and suffering a puncture on the opening lap. In the next race at the Monaco Grand Prix, Vettel scored his first points of the season with a fifth-place finish, after qualifying 17th. He scored again at the Canadian Grand Prix fighting off Heikki Kovalainen in the last few laps for the final championship point, having started from pit lane. Vettel finished 12th in France, before retiring on lap one at the wet British Grand Prix after being clipped by David Coulthard and aquaplaned into the gravel trap along with Coulthard. He earned another point at the German Grand Prix, fending off Fernando Alonso and securing eighth after Jarno Trulli ran wide. Vettel retired in Hungary after his engine overheated during his first pit stop. He impressed many at the European Grand Prix by setting the fastest times in the first practice session and second qualifying session, before qualifying sixth on the grid. Vettel finished the race in sixth, two seconds behind Jarno Trulli. Toro Rosso's technical director Giorgio Ascanelli explained that something changed at the European Grand Prix in Valencia: "Suddenly Vettel understood something about how to drive an F1 car quickly. It made a huge difference – not only to the speed he could unlock, but also to his ability to do so consistently."[86]

Vettel driving for Toro Rosso at the 2008 Canadian Grand Prix

At the 2008 Italian Grand Prix, Vettel became the youngest driver in history to win a Formula One Grand Prix.[87] Aged 21 years and 74 days, Vettel broke the record set by Fernando Alonso at the 2003 Hungarian Grand Prix by 317 days when he won in wet conditions at Monza.[88] Vettel led for the majority of the Grand Prix and crossed the finish line 12.5 seconds ahead of McLaren's Heikki Kovalainen. It was the first podium of both Toro Rosso and Vettel. As of 2019 it is also Toro Rosso's only win.[89][90] Earlier in the weekend, he had already become the youngest polesitter, after setting the fastest times in both Q2 and Q3 qualifying stages,[91] and his win also gave him the record of youngest podium finisher. Toro Rosso team boss Gerhard Berger said, "As he proved today, he can win races, but he's going to win world championships. He's a cool guy".[92] Hamilton praised the German, stating that this victory showed "how good he is".[92] The nature of the victory and the story of the 21-year-old's fledgling career led the German media to dub him "baby Schumi", although Vettel was quick to downplay the expectation the result had brought, particularly the comparison with the seven-time World Champion: "To compare me with Michael Schumacher is just a bit ridiculous... It will be difficult in normal conditions for us to repeat this achievement".[93] He then went on to finish fifth in Singapore. In Japan, he finished sixth after being promoted from seventh after teammate Bourdais was penalised for contact with Felipe Massa.

In the Brazilian Grand Prix, after running as high as second in the race on a 3-stop strategy, Vettel overtook Lewis Hamilton in the rain for fifth place on the penultimate lap to contribute to a thrilling climax to the season. He nearly deprived the McLaren driver of the championship before Timo Glock slowed dramatically on the last lap (he was struggling with dry tyres in the ever-increasing rain) enabling both Vettel and Hamilton to pass him, earning Hamilton the title, and Vettel fourth place.[94]

After the season had finished Vettel was named Rookie of the Year at the Autosport Awards.[95]

Vettel after winning the 2009 Japanese Grand Prix

At the start of the 2009 season, Vettel replaced the retired David Coulthard at Red Bull Racing, and began strongly at the Australian Grand Prix, qualifying third and running in second for the majority of the race. However, a clash with Robert Kubica over second place on the third to last lap of the race forced both to retire. Vettel attempted to finish the race on three wheels behind the safety car to salvage some points, but eventually pulled off to the side. He thought that he would be able to attempt this because the yellow flag resulting from his incident forbids overtaking; instead he was given a ten-place grid penalty for the next race, the Malaysian Grand Prix, and his team was fined for instructing him to stay on track after the damage occurred.[96] In Malaysia he qualified in third position, but was demoted down to 13th due to his ten-place grid drop. He spun out of the race while eighth, just before the race was stopped due to adverse weather conditions.[97] However, in China he went on to take pole position, the first for the Red Bull Racing team. He went on to win the race ahead of teammate Mark Webber, again a first for his team, which scored its first victory and 1–2 finish in the same race.[98] At the age of 21 years and 287 days, Vettel became the youngest Grand Prix driver in history to win for two different teams, having won the 2008 Italian Grand Prix for the Toro Rosso team.

In the Bahrain Grand Prix, Vettel qualified in third, and finished second behind Jenson Button in the race. In Spain, he qualified in second but finished the race in fourth, behind his teammate Webber who finished in third. Vettel won the British Grand Prix after claiming pole position in qualifying.[99] At the German Grand Prix he qualified fourth and finished second, behind Webber, who won his first Grand Prix.[100] At the Hungarian Grand Prix, Vettel qualified second after an eventful qualifying, but had to retire from the race on lap 30 after his car sustained damage from contact with Kimi Räikkönen's car on the first lap.[101]

Vettel won the inaugural Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, finishing runner-up in the 2009 season

At the European Grand Prix, he qualified fourth but had to retire from the race with an engine failure. It was the second engine failure for Vettel during the weekend, and the RB5's reliability issues began to show.[102] He finished third at Spa-Francorchamps, and struggled for pace at Monza, finishing 8th at a race he previously won. He qualified 2nd at Singapore, but was given a drive-through penalty for speeding in the pit lane and damaged the diffuser on a kerb, struggling to 4th. He subsequently won the Japanese Grand Prix from pole position, leading every lap and only being denied of the fastest lap by 0.002 seconds by teammate Mark Webber, who did so on the final lap.[103] He would have to wait until the 2011 Indian Grand Prix until he finally achieved a Grand Slam.

At the Brazilian Grand Prix, Vettel qualified 16th in a rain-hit session, behind title rivals Button (14th) and Rubens Barrichello (1st), while his teammate Webber qualified second with Adrian Sutil in third. Vettel needed to score at least second place in the race to keep his title hopes alive. He finished fourth with Button behind, giving Button the Championship and moving Vettel up into second place. He officially claimed second place by winning the inaugural Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, again ahead of Webber with Button completing the podium. He also scored his third fastest lap of the year, drawing him level with teammate Webber. However, as Vettel had more second fastest laps, he won the 2009 DHL Fastest Lap Award.[104]

On 21 August 2009 it was announced that Red Bull and Vettel had extended his contract until the end of the 2011 season[105] with an option for 2012. The option was later taken up on 14 March 2011, as Vettel extended his contract with the team until the end of 2014.[106]

Vettel driving for Red Bull Racing at the 2010 Bahrain Grand Prix, where he took the first pole position of the season

Vettel continued with Red Bull for 2010, and took the first pole position of the season at the Bahrain Grand Prix.[107] Vettel went on to lead most of the race but a spark-plug failure meant that his lap times slowed down, and as a result the two Ferraris and the McLaren of Lewis Hamilton passed him. After a brief challenge from Rosberg he brought the car home in fourth.[108]

At the Australian Grand Prix, Vettel was appointed as a director of the Grand Prix Drivers' Association.[109] He took his second consecutive pole position in Australia, ahead of teammate Mark Webber, but spun off when leading the race, due to a loose wheel nut. In Malaysia, he took his first win of the 2010 season with Webber coming in second place, having passed both him and Nico Rosberg at turn one.[110]

Vettel qualified on pole at China alongside Webber. At the start of the wet race Fernando Alonso jump-started[111] and Vettel was passed by Webber, dropping back to third. The increasing rain forced Vettel and Webber to pit at the same time for intermediate tyres that wore out after only a few laps and dropped them back into the midfield. Vettel slowly climbed back up to finish sixth, ahead of Webber. In Spain, Vettel was outqualified by teammate Webber and claimed second on the grid. Despite having a major brake problem during the last eight laps, Vettel managed third place after Hamilton crashed on the penultimate lap.[112]

In Monaco Vettel was again outqualified by Webber. In the race he passed Kubica at the start and stayed there for the remainder of the Grand Prix and made it a Red Bull 1–2. After the race, the two Red Bull drivers were equal on points in the Drivers' Championship, with Webber being a championship leader based on total wins.[113] At the Turkish Grand Prix he qualified third and was running second behind Webber when he made a passing move on the Australian. The two collided, putting Vettel out of the race and dropping him to fifth in the Drivers' Championship, with neither driver accepting responsibility for causing the collision.[114] He finished fourth at the Canadian Grand Prix, maintaining his position in the standings. He started the European Grand Prix in pole position and led from start to finish to score his second win of the season.[115]

Vettel won from pole position at the 2010 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix and went on to win his first World Drivers' Championship title

At Silverstone, both Vettel and Webber's cars were fitted with a new design of front wing. Vettel's front wing was damaged in the third practice session, and Webber's sole surviving example was removed and given to Vettel.[116] Vettel qualified in pole position ahead of his teammate, but suffered a puncture caused by driving wide off the track on the first lap of the race and fell to the tail of the field. He fought back to finish seventh while Webber took the victory. At the German Grand Prix he took pole by 0.002 seconds, and finished in third position in the race, behind the Ferraris of Alonso and Felipe Massa, after a poor start.[117] Since Ferrari swapped positions between the drivers in an apparent team order Vettel could have been handed the win, but the FIA let the result stand, then legalised team orders again.[118] He also finished third in Hungary after serving a drive-through penalty for exceeding ten lengths behind the previous car, teammate Webber, under neutralised safety car conditions. In Belgium, he had a tough race, hitting Button's car whilst attempting to pass, causing Button to retire. Vettel pitted and carried on, but then suffered a puncture whilst passing Liuzzi at the same place, completing a whole lap with a puncture.[119] He eventually finished 15th, his lowest placing of the season (other than his retirements in Australia and Turkey). At Monza he finished fourth after an engine problem scare, and at the Singapore Grand Prix, Vettel qualified and finished second, sticking on Alonso's tail for most of the race, the entire weekend being very close between the two. He passed Button for fourth place in the championship. At the Japanese Grand Prix, he dominated all practice sessions bar one, as it was postponed after heavy rain.[120] He qualified on pole ahead of teammate Webber and went on to win with a lights-to-flag victory. Aged 23 years and 98 days, Vettel became the youngest Grand Prix driver to win at the same track on two occasions, having also won the Japanese Grand Prix at Suzuka in 2009.[59] At the first Korean Grand Prix, Vettel took pole and led the first 45 laps of the race before retiring with engine failure, handing victory to Alonso.[121]

At the Brazilian Grand Prix, Vettel qualified second but took the lead at the first corner from the Williams of Nico Hülkenberg and led for the entire race to victory. With Webber taking second place, and Alonso finishing third, Vettel went into the final race of the season with a 15-point deficit to Alonso, and a 7-point gap to Webber.[122] With the 1–2 finish in Brazil, Vettel and Webber secured Red Bull Racing's first Formula One World Constructors' Championship.[123] He won the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix from pole again, to take the Drivers' Championship lead for the first time in his career and became the youngest world champion in the sport's history.[124][125][126] Following John Surtees in the 1964 season and James Hunt in 1976, this was also only the third time in Formula One history when the World Champion had not been championship leader at any earlier point in the season.[127]

Vettel won the 2011 Malaysian Grand Prix, which was his fourth consecutive victory

After the postponement of the Bahrain Grand Prix, Vettel started his title defence in the Australian Grand Prix with pole position and a victory of 22 seconds over title rival Lewis Hamilton, who was nursing home his broken McLaren.[128] Vettel continued his title defence in the Malaysian Grand Prix, where he pipped Hamilton for pole position by a tenth of a second, and went on to win the race from Jenson Button. Vettel completed his third pole position of the season at the Chinese Grand Prix, and appeared to be in dominating form for the majority of the race. However, poor tyre management haunted him in the last several laps, possibly being related to his inability to properly communicate with his team, as his radio was broken.[129] He finished the race second, his championship lead cut to 21 points over Hamilton after three races.[130]

The Turkish Grand Prix started out poorly for Vettel, where he had very little practice time during the Friday free practice sessions, including a crash in the first session. Even with the limited practice, he claimed his fifth consecutive pole position and converted it into a win, extending his championship lead over Hamilton to 34 points.[131] At the Spanish Grand Prix, his pole position streak ended as his KERS failed him during qualifying. His teammate Webber took pole, but Vettel went on to win the race by 0.6 seconds over Hamilton, with Hamilton chasing him down at the end on prime tyres, and Vettel having to deal with a frequently malfunctioning KERS.[132] The following weekend, in the Monaco Grand Prix, he took pole with the second fastest qualifying time in Monaco's history. Vettel was leading the race with a 5-second gap over second-placed Button. Due to a radio malfunction, the Red Bull pit crew was not prepared for Vettel when he pitted. The net result was that the pit stop was slow, and that he was sent out on the wrong tyres, handing the lead to Button as well. Vettel switched to a one-stop strategy, and stuck with one set of soft tyres for 56 laps. He was caught by Alonso and Button as his tyres deteriorated, but neither were able to pass him on the narrow streets of the Monte-Carlo circuit.[133] With a few laps remaining, the race was red-flagged after Vitaly Petrov required an ambulance after an accident. The suspended race allowed teams to change tyres and work on the cars, and when the race was restarted under the safety car, Vettel was able to retain the lead during the last few laps.[134]

Vettel's win at the Monaco Grand Prix was his first win in the principality, and his fifth from the first six races of the season

In Canada, he took his sixth pole position in seven races ahead of Fernando Alonso and Felipe Massa. Vettel kept his lead from the start of the race, and for the vast majority of the race he held on to it. The record six safety car periods due to the down-pouring rain and 2-hour race suspension profoundly hurt Vettel's chances of victory, however, as after every safety car restart, Vettel would lose the gap he had previously built up on the other drivers.[135] With much fresher tyres, Button caught Vettel and began to pressure him in the last lap. Vettel slid on a damp part of the track at Turn 6, and Button used the opportunity to slip past him to take the victory. Vettel finished second, yet still extended his championship lead to 60 points ahead of Button.[136]

At the European Grand Prix, the FIA began enforcing a controversial ban on engine mappings. It was believed by many in the press that this was an attempt by the FIA to thwart Vettel's domination of the season.[137] The changes appeared to do little to hinder Vettel, as he took pole with the fastest qualifying lap in Valencia Street Circuit's history. He dominated the race with his first hat-trick of 2011 and won his sixth race out of eight races.[138]

Vettel took his ninth victory of the season at the Singapore Grand Prix after leading from lights to flag, leaving him within one point of his second World Championship

The second set of controversial mid-season changes were implemented at Silverstone, targeting the blown diffusers. Red Bull believed the changes cost them about half a second per lap.[139] Webber just edged Vettel for pole position by 0.032 seconds in qualifying. On race day, Vettel made a better start, immediately took the lead and led the first half of the race. A delay at one of his pit stops allowed Alonso to pass him in the pit lane and dropped Vettel back to third, behind Hamilton. Despite a malfunctioning KERS unit, he was able to jump Hamilton in the stops and held off the faster Webber, who ignored a radio message from team principal Christian Horner to hold position, for second place, extending his lead in the championship.[140] It was only the second time in Formula One history that a driver had finished second or better in each of the first nine races of a season and won at least 6 of them, after Alonso managed the same feat in 2006.[141]

Vettel's run of fourteen successive front-row starts and eleven successive top two finishes ended at his home race, where he qualified third and finished fourth. McLaren's mechanical grip beat Red Bull in the wet in Hungary, and despite leading into the first corner from pole, he was quickly passed by both Hamilton and Button. Vettel eventually finished second in the race, held in mixed conditions.[142] In Belgium, Vettel qualified on pole and won the race, his seventh victory of the season and seventeenth of his career. In victory, Vettel extended his lead in the championship to 92 points and, even with seven races left, his tally of 259 points surpassed his own record (from 2010) for the highest number of championship points accumulated in a season. At the Italian Grand Prix at Monza, he took his tenth pole position of the year – joining Ayrton Senna as the only drivers to have taken ten pole positions in two separate seasons – and the 25th of his career,[143] and eventually won the race after passing Alonso, who had overtaken Vettel at the start. Vettel led every lap from pole position in Singapore, despite a safety car period eliminating a 22-second lead that he had held. His ninth win of the season left only Jenson Button in championship contention, who was 124 points behind with five races remaining.[144]

Vettel at the 2011 Japanese Grand Prix where, with four races remaining in the season, he became the youngest double World Drivers' Champion

Vettel arrived in Japan needing only a single championship point, tenth place, to secure his second championship. In qualifying, Vettel recorded his twelfth pole position of the season – his fifth in succession – edging Button by 0.009 seconds. In the race, Vettel held the lead until the second pit-stop phase, when Button used the undercut to get past.[145] He remained second after a safety car restart, but because his tyres wore out not long after that, he slipped down to third behind Alonso. He tried to fight Alonso for the position, but after several unsuccessful passing attempts, his race engineer told him to hold position and defend his championship. This podium finish secured his second successive title with four races remaining, making him the youngest ever double world champion and also the youngest back-to-back champion, joining only eight other drivers who had won consecutive titles.[146] In Korea, Vettel started second, but won the race – becoming the second driver to take at least ten wins in a season after Michael Schumacher[147] – after overtaking Lewis Hamilton on the first lap, building a healthy gap for the rest of the race, and recording the fastest lap of the race on the final lap. He helped secure Red Bull's second successive Constructors' World Championship in the process.[148][149] Vettel took his eleventh victory of the season in the inaugural Indian Grand Prix, leading every lap from pole position, as well as setting the race's fastest lap on the final lap, despite Red Bull having detuned his engine in an effort not to risk the race victory.[150][151]

At the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, Vettel took his fourteenth pole position of 2011 to equal the record of poles in a season set by Nigel Mansell in 1992.[152] Vettel had a good start to maintain the lead by the first corner, but at the second corner, a right rear puncture saw him go sliding off the track. He returned to the pits, but suspension damage forced his first retirement since the 2010 Korean Grand Prix. Vettel then broke the record for the most poles in a season at the next round, the season finale in Brazil.[153] He maintained his lead into the first corner but was slowed by gearbox trouble early in the race. He allowed teammate Webber to pass him as his problem worsened, but eventually finished second ahead of Button to complete a 1–2 sweep for the team upon Webber's only victory of the year. Vettel completed the year with 15 poles, 11 victories, and 17 podiums from 19 races; he also earned a record total of 392 points in the process.[154]

Vettel driving for Red Bull Racing at the 2012 Malaysian Grand Prix

Vettel remained at Red Bull for the 2012 season,[155] and was again partnered by Mark Webber.[156] He scored a second-place finish at the opening race of the season in Australia.[157] Vettel started fifth in Malaysia, promoted from sixth after Kimi Räikkönen suffered a five-place grid penalty.[158] Vettel spent the majority of the rain-affected race in fourth place, but picked a puncture from a collision with the HRT of Narain Karthikeyan on lap 47.[159][160] He dropped to twelfth after pitting to replace the tyre, and finished eleventh after Pastor Maldonado retired late in the race with an engine failure.[159][161] This was Vettel's first finish outside the points since the 2010 Belgian Grand Prix;[162] Karthikeyan was given a 20-second post-race penalty for his part in the collision, which dropped Karthikeyan from 21st to 22nd and last.[161]

After the race, Vettel and Red Bull boss Christian Horner criticised Karthikeyan's driving, with Vettel calling Karthikeyan an "idiot",[163] and a "cucumber".[164] Karthikeyan hit back at Vettel, calling him a "cry-baby".[165] Later, Karthikeyan decided to call a truce with Vettel, stating his respect for Vettel's abilities and saying "I think we have to deal with it in a mature way and forget about it."[165] Vettel qualified eleventh for the Chinese Grand Prix; the first time he had qualified outside the top ten since the 2009 Brazilian Grand Prix,[166] although he ran as high as 2nd with 7 laps remaining until tyre wear on a 2-stop strategy took its toll and he dropped to 5th by the flag.[167]

Vettel took his first victory of 2012 in Bahrain

Vettel qualified in pole position for the first time in 2012 at the Bahrain Grand Prix.[168] Vettel was able to lead for most of the race, despite coming under pressure from Kimi Räikkönen, and crossed the line in first place to take his first victory of the season; the result also saw Vettel go top of the drivers' standings for the first time in 2012.[169][30][170] At the Spanish GP, he maintained his championship lead, albeit only on countback, after a 6th-place finish having started 7th.[171][172][173] Vettel received a drive-through penalty for failing to slow for yellow flags during the race as well as having to change his front wing as a result of debris from an incident involving Michael Schumacher and Bruno Senna.[174] After an eventful race at Monaco, he placed fourth, gaining 5 places from his ninth-place grid position.[175][176]

Vettel took his second victory of the 2012 season at the Singapore Grand Prix

Vettel claimed his 2nd pole position for the season in Canada, however he dropped to 3rd after the first pit stops and then trying to go the remaining distance of the same tyres, he fell back in the closing stages and had to make a late stop for new tyres.[168][177][178] He eventually came 4th.[179] At the following race in Valencia, he claimed his 33rd pole position, going 3rd equal with Jim Clark and Alain Prost in the all-time list.[168][180] However a 20-second lead in the first 30 laps was reduced to nothing by a safety car appearance.[181] On the first lap of the restart, his car ground to a halt, with an alternator failure being the cause.[182] Vettel would have taken the lead in the standings- instead, he fell back to 4th behind Alonso (who won), Hamilton and Webber.[183]

At Silverstone, Vettel qualified 4th after a wet session which, at one point, had to be suspended for over 1 hour due to torrential rain.[184] In the dry race he overcame a slow start, where he dropped to 5th, to finish 3rd behind Webber and Alonso.[185] In Germany he started second, but before the third pit-stop, he was attacked by Hamilton, who wanted to unlap himself, lost some time, and was overtaken by Button after the pit-stop.[186][187] On the penultimate lap he passed Button and finished second behind Alonso.[187] After the race, however, the stewards found that Vettel was off the track when he overtook Button and so they awarded him a 20-second time penalty which dropped him back to fifth.[187] At the following race in Hungary, Vettel finished 4th after starting 3rd.[188][189]

After the summer break, at the Belgian Grand Prix, he fought back from a poor qualifying, where he was knocked out in Q2 to start 10th, and a poor start in which he had to avoid the big accident ahead of him.[190][191] Having ended the first lap in 12th, he managed to finish 2nd.[192] At Round 13 in Italy, Vettel started 5th and was running 4th until he forced Fernando Alonso onto the grass, for which he received a drive-through penalty, dropping him to 9th.[193][194] Then, having recovered to 6th with 5 laps to go, the alternator on his car failed for the second time in the weekend.[193][195] Vettel was classified 22nd, with championship leader Alonso coming 3rd and Hamilton winning.[195] The next race was the Singapore Grand Prix, where Vettel qualified 3rd.[196] He overtook Pastor Maldonado at the start before the leader Lewis Hamilton retired with a car failure, Vettel then kept the lead until the 2-hour race limit was reached.[197]

At Suzuka for the Japanese Grand Prix, Vettel took his 2nd career Grand Slam (Pole, Fastest Lap and lead every lap) and coupled with Alonso retiring on the first lap, he cut the gap down to just 4 points.[198][199][200] On 14 October he won his third consecutive race at the Korean Grand Prix.[201] He overtook his teammate Mark Webber, who took the pole, to finish the race ahead of him, making it a Red Bull 1–2 finish.[202] With this win, Vettel took the lead in the overall championship from Ferrari's Fernando Alonso.[203] The Indian Grand Prix brought another victory, with Vettel topping all 3 practice sessions before taking pole position and leading every lap of the race to a comfortable win, ahead of teammate Mark Webber in 3rd – who lost his 2nd place when a KERS failure slowed him down.[204]

Vettel at the 2012 United States Grand Prix

Abu Dhabi presented one of Vettel's most controversial qualifying sessions of the season when, after setting the third fastest time in Q3, he was told to stop the car.[205] A fuel pump issue was later found to be the source of this problem and the ensuing penalty meant Vettel was to start the race from last, but as Red Bull then decided to make changes to the car, he was forced to start from the pit lane.[205] However, in the race, Vettel managed to fight his way back to 3rd place to complete the podium.[206] After a podium in the US Grand Prix Vettel was well set up to win the championship in Brazil.[207] Vettel started the race with a 13-point cushion against title contender Fernando Alonso.[208] After a close eventful race full of spins, which included Vettel's opening lap incident with Bruno Senna, crashes and changing weather conditions, Vettel finished 6th while Alonso finished 2nd, resulting in Vettel winning the championship by three points.[22] This was Vettel's third consecutive championship, and at age 25 he became the youngest ever triple world champion,[22] beating Ayrton Senna's previous record. Senna won his third F1 world championship title in 1991 at age 31.[209] Vettel also became the third driver to acquire three-consecutive championships, after Juan Manuel Fangio and Michael Schumacher.[209]

Vettel (left) controversially passing teammate Mark Webber at the 2013 Malaysian Grand Prix, despite team orders to maintain position

Vettel started his fifth season with Red Bull Racing by qualifying on pole for the 2013 Australian Grand Prix,[210] before going on to finish the race in third place, twenty-two seconds behind race winner Kimi Räikkönen.[211] He took pole again for the Malaysian Grand Prix in dominant display of wet weather driving, lapping over 2.5 seconds faster than teammate Webber.[212] He went on to win the race, though not without controversy, after Vettel ignored team orders not to pass teammate Mark Webber. Webber emerged from the pits a fraction of a second ahead of Vettel as they went side-by-side into the first corner. Although Red Bull told both drivers that they were to finish with Webber to take the win, after two laps Vettel eventually overtook Webber for the lead with eleven laps remaining in the race. Webber was furious after the race, saying Vettel "will have protection as usual and that’s the way it goes".[213] Team principal Christian Horner, although unhappy with Vettel's actions, pointed out that Webber had defied team orders on several previous occasions, as recently as two races ago. Horner acknowledged that the already fragile relationship between the two drivers had further broken down as a result of the incident.[214] Vettel apologised for his actions, claiming that he had not deliberately ignored the order despite the team's insistence that he had been made perfectly aware of the instruction to maintain his position.[215] Vettel later recanted his apology, claiming that he was not sorry for winning and that if the situation presented itself again, he would have passed Webber in spite of the order, adding that he felt Webber did not deserve to win the race.[216]

In the Chinese Grand Prix, Vettel qualified 9th, after not setting a time in Q3, before finishing 4th, setting fastest lap and crossing the line two-tenths behind 3rd placed Lewis Hamilton. Vettel won from second on the grid in Bahrain, passing Nico Rosberg in the opening laps. Vettel maintained the championship lead with 4th in Spain, and 2nd at the Monaco Grand Prix. He won in dominant fashion at Montreal, winning from pole position by 15 seconds and lapping everyone up to 5th, extending his lead to 36 points.

Vettel at the 2013 Belgian Grand Prix, where he took the first of nine consecutive victories

His lead was cut at the British Grand Prix as he was denied a likely win due to gearbox failure, but he bounced back to win his home race in Germany for the first time, despite pressure from Kimi Räikkönen and Romain Grosjean. In Hungary, Vettel had to settle for 3rd behind Hamilton and Räikkönen, but wins in Belgium (from 2nd on the grid), Italy, Singapore and Korea (all 3 from pole) put him 77 points clear with only 5 races to go. With grand slams at Singapore and Korea, he became only the third man after Alberto Ascari and Jim Clark to take consecutive grand slams. Vettel sealed his fourth world title at India on 27 October.[217] By winning the season finale in Abu Dhabi, Vettel set the record for the most consecutive race wins in Formula 1, with 9.[218]

On several occasions during the season, spectators booed Vettel. Although the booing was widely condemned by fellow drivers, the media and others in the paddock,[220][221] Vettel revealed that it had a negative impact on him.[219]

Prior to the 2011 Japanese Grand Prix, Red Bull's advisor Helmut Marko expressed his wish to extend Vettel's contract for another two years to 2016.[222] However, on 11 June 2013, Vettel agreed to a one-year contract extension with Red Bull until the end of the 2015 season.[223]

Vettel at the 2014 Chinese Grand Prix

For the 2014 season and beyond, drivers picked a unique car number to use for the remainder of their Formula One career, Vettel chose the number five. However, as reigning World Drivers' Champion he carried number one throughout 2014.[224] After having Mark Webber (who retired from Formula One to race in the new World Endurance Championship) as a teammate for five years, Vettel's new teammate in 2014 was Australian Daniel Ricciardo, who was promoted from the Toro Rosso team.

After struggling with reliability issues throughout winter testing, the season did not start much better for Vettel. At the Australian Grand Prix, software issues meant Vettel qualified in twelfth position[225] and forced him to retire from the race after just three laps.[226] Reliability problems also forced Vettel to retire at the Monaco and Austrian Grands Prix. Vettel qualified on the front-row for the races in Malaysia, Great Britain, and Hungary, and finished on the podium in Malaysia, Canada, Singapore and Japan. On 4 October 2014, Red Bull Racing announced that Vettel would be leaving the team at the end of the 2014 season, one year before his contract was due to expire.[227] After the Russian Grand Prix, he had been outqualified by a teammate over a season for the first time in his Formula One career. In addition to suffering reliability problems, throughout 2014 Vettel struggled to get to grips with the Red Bull RB10,[228] and Pirelli's 2014 tyres.[229] Vettel signed off the 2014 season, by becoming the first defending champion to fail to win a race in the following season since Jacques Villeneuve in 1998.[230]

Vettel during pre-season testing in Catalunya debuting for Ferrari

Vettel mentioned he would like to drive for Ferrari at some point in his career and was rumoured to have a non-binding pre-contract, with options, to join them in 2014.[231] His contract extension to the end of 2015 seemed to end any discussion that Vettel was about to make the Ferrari move.

On the day Vettel and Red Bull announced parting ways, team principal Christian Horner announced that Vettel was going to sign with Ferrari.[232] From there it took from early October to 20 November for Ferrari to announce a three-year contract with Vettel.[10] At the same time, Ferrari announced that Vettel's long-time championship rival Fernando Alonso would be departing the team at the end of the season; meaning Vettel would partner Kimi Räikkönen at the team.[233] Alonso's departure two years before his contract expiry opened the Ferrari door for Vettel.

Vettel was denied an early release from his Red Bull contract to test the 2014 Ferrari car in Abu Dhabi post-race.[234] In spite of this Vettel technically breached his contract being at the test with Ferrari – although not driving the car but Red Bull did not enforce any sanctions.[235] Vettel instead made his first appearance at the Ferrari factory over the weekend of 29–30 November, completing nearly 100 laps around the test track of Fiorano in the 2012 car as well as performing simulator work and completing his first official interview as a Ferrari driver.[236] According to Ferrari's official website, Vettel did however try the simulated 2014 car in the team's simulator program.

Vettel at the 2015 Malaysian Grand Prix, where he took his maiden win for Ferrari after two races.

Vettel made his Ferrari début by finishing third in the Australian Grand Prix after overtaking Felipe Massa for the position during the pit stop window.[237] The previous day he had narrowly outqualified teammate Kimi Räikkönen for fourth on the grid. Vettel followed that up with winning the Malaysian Grand Prix,[238] his first race win for over a year and the first win for Ferrari for almost two years. It was also his 40th Grand Prix win, putting him one win behind Ayrton Senna, the 3rd-placed driver on the all-time list. After the win, an emotional Vettel paid tribute to Michael Schumacher, saying that his hero's achievements with Ferrari made the first win all the more special.[239] Vettel also stated his goal was to try to win the championship. Mercedes's executive director Toto Wolff admitted at the same time that Vettel was a title contender, saying that Ferrari's recovery over the winter was 'incredible'.[240] Vettel ran both Mercedes cars close for the first half of the race in China, but eventually had to settle for third – his third successive podium – which was a result that both Vettel and the team admitted was always the most likely on that particular occasion.[241]

Vettel was involved in a minor tangle with Sergio Pérez during practice for the Bahrain Grand Prix, damaging his front wing coming out of the pits. Vettel claimed the impact happened because of a brake issue that failed to slow the car down saying 'something broke on the front right' on the team radio.[242] In spite of his claims, the incident was investigated by the race stewards. Both Vettel and Pérez were cleared of any wrongdoing later that evening, and so escaped any penalties.[243] The rest of the weekend was mixed for Vettel, who qualified on the front row, but had several issues and off-track escapades during the race before being stuck behind Valtteri Bottas' Williams and having to settle for fifth.[244] Given that he had qualified on the front row and that teammate Räikkönen was second, the result was somewhat underwhelming, and he dropped to third place in the championship as a result. Vettel commented that he lost his rhythm during the race and did not have enough confidence in the rear end of the car, but nevertheless remained positive about the performance potential of the car.[245] Before his front wing damage, Vettel had twice overtaken Nico Rosberg for second place during pit stops, only to immediately be pegged back. Vettel was in second for a long spell during the Spanish Grand Prix but due to a change of pit stop strategy, Lewis Hamilton got past and pulled away, leaving Vettel in third at the end of the race.[246] He finished second in Monaco, having run very close to eventual winner Rosberg for most parts of the race. Mercedes made a strategic error in bringing dominant leader Hamilton in for new tyres at the late safety car, placing him right behind Vettel. The duel that followed made Vettel fall back from Rosberg, but he managed to hold off Hamilton to finish an unlikely second. In Canada, Vettel got his lowest qualifying position of the season, qualifying in 18th, and then received a five place grid penalty for overtaking under red flags in practice 3 that morning. The race, however, was a success, as he finished 5th behind teammate Räikkönen.

Vettel during qualifying for the 2015 Hungarian Grand Prix, a race he would go on to win.

Following a 4th in Austria and 3rd at Silverstone that appeared to edge Vettel further away from a title challenge, he rebounded with a commanding win in the Hungarian Grand Prix, after a superb start from 3rd on the grid, which saw him slice past both Mercedes cars and retain the lead throughout. The win was Vettel's first ever at the Hungaroring and equalled Ayrton Senna's total of 41 Formula One victories. It was dedicated to Jules Bianchi who died the week prior from injuries sustained in 2014.[247] At the halfway point of the season, Vettel was 42 points behind championship leader Hamilton, and said the team aimed to make what was seen as 'impossible' possible during the second half of the season. He however accepted a lot of work was needed to be done to catch up.[248] Vettel looked set for third in Belgium after a long stint on the supposedly conservative medium tyre when his right rear blew at high speed on the penultimate lap, likely ending any title chances given Hamilton won. After the race he went on a furious rant about control tyre manufacturer Pirelli and the 'unacceptable' and 'unsafe' tyres that could have caused him serious injury had the explosion occurred in the Eau Rouge corner just before where it actually occurred and since it was the second such blowout at high speed during the weekend (the first befell Nico Rosberg during practice). Vettel was also unhappy with Pirelli's suggestion that the failures were due to the drivers going wide picking up debris, saying he never did.[249]

Vettel at the 2015 Singapore Grand Prix, where he took his third and final victory of the season

Vettel came home second in the Italian Grand Prix at Monza, the first race for him with Ferrari at the team's home soil. Amid a contract dispute regarding the venue's future Vettel once again went on the rampage and said that the race could not be lost and would 'rip the heart out of Formula One' if it did. He also stated that he regarded his first podium for Ferrari at Monza as 'the best second place of his life'.[250] Vettel then took his first Ferrari pole at the Singapore Grand Prix.[251] It was the team's first pole for three years, and first dry pole since at the same venue five years earlier. Vettel was 0.543 seconds ahead of Daniel Ricciardo in second. He went on to win the race from Ricciardo, thus surpassing Ayrton Senna's victory count for his 42nd career win, moving him into third on the all-time list.[252] With championship leader Hamilton retiring, Vettel closed to within 49 points with seven races remaining. The title challenge once again diminished in the next race in Japan. Vettel did however score his tenth podium finish of the year, finishing third behind Hamilton and Rosberg at a track with significantly different attributes to Singapore. Vettel scored another second place and with fastest lap of race at Sochi moving him to second place in Drivers' Championship following Nico Rosberg's retirement in the early parts of the race. In the United States Vettel started from 13th due to an engine change penalty, but still charged his way to a podium, even challenging Rosberg for second on the final lap.

The third last race of the season in Mexico was a major disappointment, with Vettel being punted softly in the rear tyre by Daniel Ricciardo on the first corner entry, suffering a puncture. Having had strong pace all weekend, Vettel's chances were all but gone and in a recovery attempt he first spun and then crashed out, losing second in the championship to Rosberg. The penultimate race in Brazil was a strong weekend for Vettel, who finished far ahead of teammate Räikkönen on track with both having clean races. He was not far off the Mercedes cars but had to settle for third. The final race in Abu Dhabi saw Vettel finish fourth following an error in qualifying that set him far down on the grid. His recovery pace was impressive, albeit remaining one pit stop behind Räikkönen in third due to lost time early on. He ended the season in third place, and with three wins and 13 podiums, he declared the season as a 'miracle.'[253] This was in the light of how far behind the team had been the year before, yet being a race winner on merit during the course of the season.

Vettel driving for Ferrari at the 2016 Monaco Grand Prix

Vettel started his season by finishing third in the Australian Grand Prix, which saw the race being red-flagged after an accident involving Fernando Alonso and Esteban Gutiérrez.[254][255] Vettel's participation in the Bahrain Grand Prix came to an end without even being started as his car broke down on formation lap.[256] At the Chinese Grand Prix, Vettel collided with teammate Räikkönen on the first lap, but both were able to continue. Despite falling down the order as a result of the first-lap incident, Vettel recovered to finish the race second. He had initially blamed Daniil Kvyat for his first-lap collision with Räikkönen, arguing that he had to take action to avoid a collision with Kvyat after Kvyat overtook him in the first corners of the race for third place, even accusing him of being a "madman" and describing Kvyat's overtaking manoeuvre as "suicidal", but later going on to describe the events of the first lap as a "racing incident".[257][258] At the Russian Grand Prix, Vettel retired on the first lap after two consecutive collisions with Red Bull driver Daniil Kvyat. Kvyat was handed a ten-second stop-go penalty and three penalty points on his licence.[259] Vettel came third in the Spanish Grand Prix following Max Verstappen's maiden win in Formula One.[260] He came fourth in the Monaco Grand Prix and second in the Canadian Grand Prix, following Lewis Hamilton's first two wins of the season.[261][262] At the Mexican Grand Prix, Vettel attempted to overtake Verstappen, but after Verstappen ran off track and rejoined ahead of him, Vettel verbally attacked Verstappen and race director Charlie Whiting, for which he later apologised.[263] Vettel then blocked Ricciardo by moving in the braking zone. Vettel was given a ten-second penalty and two points on his licence under a dangerous driving rule clarified only a week before the race.[264] Vettel did not manage to win in 2016, but finished the season with seven podiums and 212 points, in fourth place.

Vettel during pre-season testing for Ferrari in 2017

Vettel began his third season at Ferrari with victory in Australia, his first win in 18 months, finishing nearly ten seconds clear of Hamilton.[265][266] His form continued the following races, winning in Bahrain[267] and Monaco,[268] and finishing second in China, Russia and Spain.[269] In Russia, Vettel took his first pole position in 18 months and with teammate Räikkönen alongside him, the Scuderia had their first front row lock out since the 2008 French Grand Prix.[270] However, Bottas got a fast start to move ahead of both Vettel and Räikkönen and the team could not stop the Finn from claiming his first victory.[271] After narrowly missing out on victories in Russia and Spain, Vettel returned to winning ways in Monaco, beating Räikkönen and Red Bull's Ricciardo. Vettel was beaten to pole by Räikkönen by less than a tenth, but took the lead during the one and only pit stop window halfway through the race; Vettel staying out a five laps longer to "overcut" the Finn.[268] With closest title rival Hamilton only finishing seventh, Vettel's lead at the top of the standings increased to 25 points; the equivalent of a race win. This was Ferrari's first victory on the streets of Monte Carlo since Michael Schumacher in 2001.[268]

Vettel competing in the 2017 Canadian Grand Prix

Canada saw Vettel's record of finishing first or second in every race in 2017 come to an end. Having qualified second, Vettel slipped to fourth at the start and contact with Verstappen caused his front wing to be damaged. Pitting to fix the problem, Vettel re-entered in eighteenth and last place. He also had damage to his floor, but the championship leader worked his way through the pack to eventually finish fourth, less than a second behind Ricciardo who claimed the final podium spot.[272] Another fourth-place finish in Azerbaijan followed, in a race which saw three Safety Cars and a red flag. Just before the second Safety Car period was coming to an end, Vettel collided into the rear of race leader Hamilton, accusing his title rival of brake testing him. FIA telemetry data showed that Hamilton had not used his brakes.[273] Moments later, Vettel pulled alongside and collided with Hamilton's Mercedes as they prepared for a restart, for which he received a ten-second stop-go penalty.[274] However, with Hamilton being forced to pit for a loose headrest a couple of laps earlier, Vettel emerged in front and held off Hamilton to move 14 points clear in the standings. The FIA investigated the Vettel-Hamilton incident further, but Vettel received no further punishment, although he took full responsibility, issuing a public apology and committing to devote personal time over the next 12 months to educational activities across a variety of FIA championships and events.[275]

Vettel testing the "Shield" safety device at the 2017 British Grand Prix

The Austrian Grand Prix saw Vettel return to the podium, his first in Spielberg. Similar to Russia, Vettel chased down Bottas in an exciting finish to a rather processional race, but the Finn held him off to take his second career victory and put himself into contention in the championship battle.[276] Vettel's championship lead was cut to just a single point as he finished seventh in Britain. A late puncture for Räikkönen appeared to have put Vettel on the podium, but he too suffered the same fate on the penultimate lap and dropped four places, costing him nine points.[277] In Hungary, a hydraulic issue in Vettel's Ferrari appeared on the morning of the race, but the problem was fixed before the start. Starting the race from pole, Vettel maintained the lead at turn one from Räikkönen. However, another issue, this time steering, affected Vettel throughout the race, allowing Räikkönen and the two Mercedes cars to put him under huge pressure. Mercedes swapped their drivers by team order, giving Hamilton the chance to challenge the Ferrari's and Mercedes would swap them back if Hamilton could not get past the Ferrari's. Hamilton could not get past and gave his position back to Bottas. Despite the steering problem, Vettel held on for victory, giving him a 14-point lead over Hamilton heading into the sport's month-long summer break.[278]

It was announced in Belgium that Vettel had signed a new three-year deal with Ferrari, keeping him at the Scuderia until 2020.[279] Räikkönen also extended his contract, but only for a year.[280] Mercedes dominated after the summer break and Hamilton's victory at the Italian Grand Prix meant that for the first time in 2017, Vettel would not be leading the championship and was now trailing the Brit by three points.[281] A third pole of the season for Vettel came in Singapore. However, Vettel retired on the opening lap of the race, which began in damp conditions, after colliding with Räikkönen and Verstappen and having tried to continue, Vettel hit the wall with his already severely damaged car. It was the first time in Formula One history that both Ferraris retired from the first lap of a Grand Prix.[282] To compound Vettel's misery, title rival Hamilton took the lead and went on to take victory.[282]

Vettel competing in the 2017 Malaysian Grand Prix

Vettel's title hopes were dealt another blow in Malaysia, where his Ferrari had a turbo problem, which caused him to not set a time in qualifying. Starting last, Vettel fought his way back through the field to eventually finish in fourth place. A bizarre crash with the Williams of Lance Stroll on the cool-down in-lap at the end of the race added more misery for Vettel; neither would be penalised.[283] Slim hopes of a fifth world title were ended in Japan, as more reliability issues befell the Ferrari; a spark plug problem just minutes before the race, which saw Vettel's engine cover needing to be taken off. Ferrari believed the issue was fixed, with Vettel starting the race in second in what was a must-win race. However, the spark plug issue remained, and Vettel soon retired from the race.[284] He finished second in the USA and thereby prevented Hamilton from taking his fourth title in Austin. In Mexico, Vettel became the fourth driver in Formula One history to claim 50 pole positions, joining Hamilton, Schumacher and Senna.[285] Verstappen took the lead from Vettel at the start, before Vettel collided with Hamilton. He needed a new front wing, whilst Hamilton suffered a puncture. Hamilton would finish in ninth, meaning Vettel had to win the race to remain mathematically in contention for the title. Despite a good recovery, Vettel finished in fourth place, meaning Hamilton had won the 2017 title, joining Juan Manuel Fangio, Alain Prost, Schumacher and Vettel himself as quadruple world champions.[286] For the first time in his career, Vettel had failed to win the Drivers' Championship having led it at some stage during a season.[287] A fifth win of the year for Vettel came in the penultimate race in Brazil, followed by a third place in Abu Dhabi. This latter podium was Vettel's 99th, in his 198th race, leaving him with a 50% podium success rate during his career at the end of 2017.[288]

Vettel driving past his fans at the 2018 Chinese Grand Prix

For the first time in Formula One history, two quadruple world champions, in the form of Vettel and Hamilton, would line-up at the start of a season.[289] It was expected that the two would again be the main title protagonists, and their battle was soon dubbed the "Fight For Five" by media and fans alike,[290] with both looking to join Juan Manuel Fangio and Michael Schumacher as only the third man in the sport's history to clinch five championships.[291]

For the second consecutive year, Vettel began the season with victory in Australia, after he took the lead whilst pitting under the Virtual Safety Car.[292] It was his 100th podium (with only Schumacher, Hamilton and Prost having more), whilst he also became just the third man in Formula One history (after Schumacher and Hamilton) to have led 3000 laps.[293] In Bahrain, Vettel maintained the lead from pole through the first round of pit-stops and held off Mercedes's Bottas despite being on 39 lap old soft tyres, to take a record fourth victory in Bahrain.[294] Vettel again protected the lead from pole in China, only this time to be undercut by Bottas during the first pit-stop, before being hit by Red Bull's Verstappen in the latter stages of the race, causing both to spin. Vettel limped home in eighth place, with his championship lead reduced to 9 points.[295] For the first time since 2013, Vettel took three consecutive poles, as he took pole in Azerbaijan. This was the 23rd different Grand Prix at which he had taken a pole, equalling Hamilton's record.[296] Vettel led from the start until his first stop, when he moved down to second position behind Bottas, who had not stopped yet. A Safety Car was deployed after the two Red Bulls collided, which allowed Bottas to finally pit and emerge ahead of Vettel, who then locked-up at the first turn at the restart trying to retake the lead from the Finn. Vettel ended up losing two places instead, plus another one to Pérez because of his flat-spotted tyres. Hamilton went on to win the race, while Vettel finished in fourth and subsequently lost the championship lead to the Brit.[297]

Vettel competing in the 2018 Azerbaijan Grand Prix

Another fourth place in Spain followed,[298] before finishing second in Monaco.[299] In Canada, he converted pole into his third victory of the season and the 50th of his career, becoming just the fourth man in F1 history to reach a half-century of wins, after Prost, Schumacher and Hamilton.[300] It was also the 14th time in Vettel's career he led a race from start to finish, with only Senna (19) having more.[301] Formula One returned to France (Paul Ricard) for the first time in a decade and it was the first race of an unprecedented three races in as many weekends. Vettel qualified in third, behind the two Mercedes cars. Starting on the ultrasoft tyre, Vettel got a good start and was challenging Bottas for second going into the first corner. However, he locked up and collided with the Finn, suffering front wing damage. He received a five-second penalty and eventually finished fifth, as Hamilton retook the championship lead.[302] In Austria, Vettel received a three-place grid penalty for impeding the Renault of Carlos Sainz in Q2, meaning he to start in sixth place. Vettel recovered to finish in third place, and as a result of both Mercedes drivers retiring from the race with mechanical problems, Vettel again took the Championship lead.[303]

In Britain, Vettel suffered neck problems after final practice, but did manage to take part in the Grand Prix. Vettel took the lead at the start of the race, while Räikkönen collided with Hamilton. However, two Safety Cars saw Vettel lose the lead (having pitted for a second time), leaving him behind Bottas and his worn tyres. Vettel passed the Finn with five laps to go and went on to take victory, moving him into third place on the all-time list of most wins tied with Alain Prost.[304] Vettel qualified on pole at his home race in Germany, and led for much of the race, until he slid off the track and hit the wall on lap 51 as rain started to fall. It was his first retirement of the season as he lost the lead of the Championship to Hamilton, who won the race.[305] A second place finish in Hungary followed, despite a late collision with Bottas.[306] After the summer break ended, Vettel took the win in Belgium, when he passed Hamilton on the Kemmel Straight on the opening lap and controlled proceedings from there on. His third win at Spa moved Vettel into third place for wins (52) and podiums (107), ahead of Prost, with only Schumacher and Hamilton ahead of him.[307] Teammate Räikkönen beat Vettel for pole at the following Grand Prix in Italy, the first time in eight years that the "Prancing Horse" took pole in front of their own Tifosi, with the fastest lap in Formula One history at an average speed of 263.588 kilometres per hour (163.786 mph).[308] Vettel joined him on the front row, giving Ferrari their 60th front row lock out in Formula One, and the first time Ferrari had done this in Italy for 24 years.[309] However, contact on the opening lap with Hamilton saw Vettel damage his front wing and drop to the back of the field. He recovered to cross the finishing line in fifth, but moved up to fourth with a penalty for Verstappen.[310]

A third place in Singapore followed, leaving Vettel 40 points behind Hamilton with only six races to go.[311] The Russian Grand Prix proved to be difficult for Vettel and Ferrari as well, qualifying half a second off pole, with Mercedes locking out the front row. Vettel would finish where he started, whilst team orders at Mercedes saw Bottas let Hamilton through.[312] Vettel's championship hopes were dealt a further blow in Japan, as he only qualified in eighth place. At the start of Q3, the two Ferrari's were sent out on intermediates, on a track which was too dry, calling into question another poor strategy choice by the Scuderia. Vettel made a fast start, moving up to fourth after the opening lap. However, Vettel and Verstappen collided in the latter stages of the race, meaning he would finish only sixth.[313] In the USA, Vettel was given a three-place grid penalty for failing to slow down sufficiently during a red flag period in first practice. Vettel maintained his starting position (5th) at the start of the race, with teammate Räikkönen taking the lead from Hamilton, which the Finn would eventually keep. However, for the second consecutive race, Vettel spun trying to overtake a Red Bull, this time Ricciardo.[314] He claimed his first ever podium in Mexico, as the Drivers' Championship went to Hamilton for a second consecutive year.[315] This meant Vettel finished as runner-up for the third time, after 2009, which Vettel named "the worst one", and 2017.[316] Although Mercedes had been the more consistent team and had a better car overall than Ferrari for the past few seasons,[317] many fans and pundits criticised Vettel for making too many mistakes in 2018.[318]

Vettel was investigated in Brazil, after being adjudged to have failed to follow stewards' instructions at the weighbridge. At the start of Q2, following an exploratory lap, Vettel pitted to change tyres and get a time in before rain fell, but was called for his car to be weighed. He initially refused to stop his engine, and did not wait for the officials to push the car off the scales, instead driving off and causing his real wheels to spin and subsequently destroy the scales. After seeing the stewards, Vettel received a reprimand and a €25k fine, but not a grid penalty and kept his front row start.[319] A disappointing sixth place followed,[320] as Vettel rounded the season off with a second place in Abu Dhabi and thereby taking his 12th podium of the campaign.[321]

Vettel in action at the 2019 Chinese Grand Prix

After showing impressive pace throughout pre-season testing in Barcelona, Vettel and Ferrari headed to Australia with many pundits believing they were the car to beat.[322] However, the opening weekend of the season would prove to be difficult, as Vettel qualified third, but some seven tenths off Hamilton and pole position, and finished the race in fourth place.[323] In Bahrain, Ferrari returned to form as they locked out the front row, although his new, young Monégasque teammate Charles Leclerc took pole, after Vettel had only one lap in Q3.[324] Vettel took the lead at the start, only for Leclerc to retake the lead of the race on lap 6. With Leclerc pulling away, Vettel came under pressure from Hamilton. He was eventually passed by Hamilton a couple of laps later, with Vettel's woes compounded as he spun and then suffered a front wing failure. Vettel eventually finished fifth, as Hamilton inherited victory after a spark plug failure for Leclerc.[325] Third-place finishes in China[326] and Azerbaijan followed, as Mercedes continued to dominate, leaving Vettel already 35 and 34 points behind Bottas and Hamilton respectively.[327] He finished fourth in Spain, as Mercedes gained a fifth consecutive 1-2.[328] In Monaco, Vettel crossed the line in third place, but was promoted to second, after Verstappen was handed a five-second penalty for an unsafe release during his pit stop.[329]

Vettel took pole position in Canada for a second consecutive year and his first pole in 17 races.[330] Vettel maintained his pole position and led throughout the race. On lap 48, a snap of oversteer caused Vettel to run wide onto the grass at turn 4. As he came back onto the track, Hamilton was alongside, trying to overtake, but Vettel emerged still just in front. However, he would receive a controversial five second penalty from the stewards, who believed he had returned to the track "in an unsafe manner and forced car 44 (Hamilton) off track".[331] Vettel crossed the line in first place, but because of his penalty, Hamilton won the race. Vettel initially appeared to refuse to go on the podium. After persuasion, he did, but not before he swapped the number one and two signs in front of Hamilton's Mercedes and his own Ferrari car.[332] Ferrari's request to have Vettel's Canada penalty reviewed was rejected by the FIA.[333] Vettel took, however, his first fastest lap of the season and thus an extra point the following race in France.[334] A reliability issue meant Vettel could not set a time in Q3 in Austria, in which he recovered in the race to finish fourth.[335] In Britain, a long first stint plus a Safety Car allowed Vettel to emerge from his one and only pit-stop in the third and final podium position. However, Verstappen soon passed him and in trying to move back in front of the Dutchman, Vettel collided into the back of the Red Bull. He received a ten-second penalty and finished eventually in sixteenth place.[336] This was the first time he failed to score points in a finished race since the 2015 Belgian Grand Prix. At his home race in Germany, Vettel was unable to qualify after a turbo issue, meaning he would start in last place. A race of mixed conditions, with numerous crashes and Safety Cars, Vettel stayed out of trouble and worked his way through the field to finish in second place behind Verstappen.[337] A third place finish in Hungary followed, albeit a minute off the winner Hamilton.[338]

Formula One returned from its summer break in Belgium, but the weekend was marred by the tragic death of Formula 2 driver Anthoine Hubert.[339] Vettel finished fourth and set the fastest lap.[340] He spun at the Ascari chicane at the team's home race in Italy, and when he re-entered in a dangerous manner, he made contact with the Racing Point of Lance Stroll. Vettel received a 10-second stop-go penalty and eventually finished in thirteenth place.[341] In Singapore, Ferrari surprisingly shone on a circuit they were expected to struggle at, thanks in part to new upgrades. Vettel was on provisional pole, but could not improve on his final lap, which allowed teammate Leclerc to take a third consecutive pole and Hamilton to join him on the front row, leaving Vettel in third place on the grid. Vettel pitted earliest of the front runners and with the slower pace that Leclerc and Hamilton had been showing at the front, this allowed to him to undercut and jump both of them to take the lead. Three Safety Cars would follow, but Vettel would hold on for his first victory in over a year. For the first time, Vettel had won five times at the same circuit.[342] The following race, in Russia, Vettel made a blistering start to the race, going from third place on the grid to first place in the first corner. However, radio transmissions suggested that Ferrari wanted to swap their drivers, but with Vettel being the quicker driver, he remained in front. Leclerc pitted first and the swap took place as Vettel emerged from his pit stop behind the Monégasque. Vettel retired moments later with a MGU-K problem; his first retirement of the season.[343]

Vettel took his fifth pole position in Japan in a qualifying session pushed forward to Sunday morning due to Typhoon Hagibis.[344] An abrupt start off the line caused Vettel to momentarily stop before getting away, but this allowed Bottas to take the lead; Vettel was not penalized for his jump start. Bottas took victory, with Vettel fending off Hamilton for second place. This result ended Vettel's mathematical chances of winning the Drivers' Championship.[345] Another second place followed in Mexico,[346] and Vettel became only the third driver in Formula One history to make 100 front row starts (after Hamilton and Schumacher), after he qualified in second place in the USA.[347] He soon lost five positions, before suffering rear suspension failure on lap 8.[348] He took second place on the grid in Brazil for the third consecutive year. After running in third for the majority of the race, a Safety Car allowed Red Bull's Alexander Albon and teammate Leclerc to overtake him. Vettel tried to pass Leclerc almost immediately after being quite aggressively overtaken by him, but the two Ferrari's collided, resulting in both suffering race ending damage, leaving Vettel not reaching the chequered flag for the third time in five races.[349] The disappointing season was capped off by a fifth place finish in Abu Dhabi. Vettel also finished fifth in the Drivers' Championship, with Leclerc becoming only the second teammate in his career to outscore him across a season, after Ricciardo in 2014.[350]

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italics indicate fastest lap)

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italics indicate fastest lap)

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)

^† Did not finish, but was classified as he had completed more than 90% of the race distance.
* Season still in progress.

Vettel holds the following Formula One records:

Footnotes