List of political parties in India

India has a multi-party system with recognition accorded to national and state and district level parties. The status is reviewed periodically by the Election Commission of India. Other political parties that wish to contest local, state or national elections are required to be registered by the Election Commission of India (ECI). Registered parties are upgraded as recognised national or state level parties based upon objective criteria. A recognised party enjoys privileges like a reserved party symbol,[A] free broadcast time on state run television and radio, a consultation in setting of election dates and giving input in setting electoral rules and regulations.[1]

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This listing is according to the 2019 Indian general election and Legislative Assembly elections and any party aspiring to state or national party status must fulfil at least one of the concerned criteria. In addition, national and state parties have to fulfill these conditions for all subsequent Lok Sabha or State elections, or else they lose their status.[1] As per latest publication from Election Commission of India, the total number of parties registered was 2599, with 6 national parties, 53 state parties and 2538 unrecognised parties.[2][3][4][5]

All registered parties contesting elections need to choose a symbol from a list of available symbols offered by the EC. All 28 states of the country along with the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir, National Capital Territory of Delhi and Puducherry have elected governments unless President's rule is imposed under certain conditions.

National parties

A registered party is recognised as a national party only if it fulfils any one of the following three conditions:[6]

  1. A party should win 2% of seats in the Lok sabha from at least three different states.[7]
  2. At a general election to Lok Sabha or Legislative Assembly, the party polls 6% of votes in any four or more states and in addition it wins four Lok Sabha seats.
  3. A party gets recognition as a state party in four states.
  1. Recently Trinamool Congress and National People's Party were also recognised as National parties by the Election commission of India
Eight recognised national parties[2][4]
Sr.

No.

Name Abbreviation Foundation
year
Political Position Founder(s) Party Supremo [D] Party symbol Headquarters
1 All India Trinamool Congress AITC 1998 Centre-left
30B, Harish Chatterjee Street, Kolkata-700026 (Kolkata)
2 Bahujan Samaj Party BSP 1984 Centre-left
  • Kanshi Ram
Elephant
12, Gurdwara Rakabganj Road, New Delhi-110001 (Delhi)
3 Bharatiya Janata Party BJP 1980 Right-wing
  • Jagat Prakash Nadda
Lotus
6-A, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Marg, Mandi House, New Delhi-110002 (Delhi)
4 Communist Party of India CPI 1925 Left-wing
  • Abani Mukherji
  • Charu Majumdar
  • Evelyn Trent
  • M. N. Roy
  • M. P. T. Acharya
  • Mohammed Ali
  • Mohammed Shafiq Siddiqui
  • Rafiq Ahmed
  • Rosa Fitinghoff
  • Sultan Ahmed
  • D. Raja
Ears of Corn and Sickle
Ajoy Bhavan, 15, Indrajit Gupta Marg, New Delhi-110002, (Delhi)
5 Communist Party of India (Marxist) CPI(M) 1964 Left to Far-left
  • E. M. S. Namboodiripad
  • Jyoti Basu
  • Sitaram Yechury
Hammer Sickle and Star
27-29, A. K. Gopalan Bhavan, Bhai Vir Singh Marg, New Delhi-110001 (Delhi)
6 Indian National Congress INC 1885 Centre to Centre-left
Hand
24, Akbar Road, New Delhi-110001 (Delhi)
7 Nationalist Congress Party NCP 1999 Centre to Centre-left 10, Bishambhar Marg, New Delhi-110001 (Delhi)
8 National People's Party NPP 7 Jun 2019 Centre to Centre-left
  • Conrad Sangma
  • Conrad Sangma
M.G. Avenue, Floor, MDU Building, Imphal- 795001, Manipur

State parties

A party has to fulfill any of the following conditions for recognition as a state party:

  1. A party should secure atleast 6% of valid votes polled and win atleast 2 seats in a state assembly general election
  2. A party should secure atleast 6% of valid votes polled and win atleast 1 seat in a lok sabha general election
  3. A party should win minimum three percent of the total number of seats or a minimum of three seats in the Legislative Assembly.
  4. A party should win at least one seat in the Lok Sabha for every 25 seats or any fraction thereof allotted to that State.
5.Under the liberalised criteria, one more clause that it will be eligible for recognition as state party if it secures 8% or more of the total valid votes polled in the state.[8]
52 recognised state parties[2][4][5]
Name Abbreviation Foundation
year
Current leader(s) Recognised in State/Union Territory Symbol
1 Aam Aadmi Party AAP 2012
2 All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam AIADMK 1972
  • O. Paneerselvam
  • Edappadi K. Palaniswami
3 All India Forward Bloc AIFB 1939
  • Debabrata Biswas
4 All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen AIMIM 1927
  • Asaduddin Owaisi
5 All India N.R. Congress AINRC 2011
  • N. Rangaswamy
6 All India United Democratic Front AIUDF 2004
  • Badruddin Ajmal
7 All Jharkhand Students Union AJSU 1986
  • Sudesh Mahto
8 Asom Gana Parishad AGP 1985
  • Atul Bora
9 Biju Janata Dal BJD 1997
10 Bodoland People's Front BPF 1985
  • Hagrama Mohilary
11 Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam DMDK 2005
  • Vijayakanth
12 Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam DMK 1949
  • M. K. Stalin
13 Goa Forward Party GFP 2016
  • Vijai Sardesai
14 Hill State People's Democratic Party HSPDP 1968
  • Hopingstone Lyngdoh
15 Indian National Lok Dal INLD 1999
  • Om Prakash Chautala
16 Indian Union Muslim League IUML 1948
  • Sayed Hyderali Shihab Thangal
17 Indigenous People's Front of Tripura IPFT 2009
  • Mevar Kumar Jamatia
18 Jammu & Kashmir National Conference JKNC 1932
  • Omar Abdullah
19 Jammu and Kashmir National Panthers Party JKNPP 1982
  • Bhim Singh
20 Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party JKPDP 1998
  • Mehbooba Mufti
21 Janta Congress Chhattisgarh JCC 2016
  • Ajit Jogi
Farmer Ploughing (within square farm)
22 Janata Dal (Secular) JD(S) 1999
  • H. D. Deve Gowda
23 Janata Dal (United) JD(U) 1999
  • Nitish Kumar
24 Jannayak Janta Party JJP 2018
  • Dushyant Chautala
25 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha JMM 1972
  • Shibu Soren
  • Hemant Soren
26 Kerala Congress (M) KC(M) 1979
  • C. F. Thomas
27 Lok Janshakti Party LJP 2000
  • Ram Vilas Paswan
  • Chirag Paswan
28 Maharashtra Navnirman Sena MNS 2006
  • Raj Thackeray
29 Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party MGP 1963
  • Deepak Dhavalikar
30 Mizo National Front MNF 1959
  • Zoramthanga
31 Mizoram People's Conference MPC 1972
  • Lalhmingthanga
32 Naga People's Front NPF 2002
  • T. R. Zeliang
Rooster
33 Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party NDPP 2018
  • Neiphiu Rio
Globe
34 Pattali Makkal Katchi PMK 1989
  • Anbumani Ramadoss
35 People's Democratic Alliance PDA 2012
  • Bd. Behring Anal
Crown
36 People's Democratic Front PDF 2017
  • P. N. Syiem
Candles
37 People's Party of Arunachal PPA 1987
  • Tomo Riba
38 Rashtriya Janata Dal RJD 1997
  • Lalu Prasad Yadav
39 Rashtriya Lok Dal RLD 1998
  • Chaudhary Ajit Singh
40 Rashtriya Lok Samta Party RLSP 2013
  • Upendra Kushwaha
41 Rashtriya Loktantrik Party RLP 2018
  • Hanuman Beniwal
Bottle
42 Revolutionary Socialist Party RSP 1940
  • T. J. Chandrachoodan
43 Samajwadi Party SP 1992
  • Akhilesh Yadav
44 Shiromani Akali Dal SAD 1920
  • Sukhbir Singh Badal
45 Shiv Sena SS 1966
  • Uddhav Thackeray
46 Sikkim Democratic Front SDF 1993
  • Pawan Kumar Chamling
47 Sikkim Krantikari Morcha SKM 2013
  • Prem Singh Tamang
Table lamp
48 Telangana Rashtra Samithi TRS 2001
  • K. Chandrashekar Rao
49 Telugu Desam Party TDP 1982
50 United Democratic Party UDP 1972
  • Metbah Lyngdoh
51 YSR Congress Party YSRCP 2011
52 Zoram Nationalist Party ZNP 1997
  • Lalduhawma

Unrecognised parties

Unrecognised registered notable parties[C][2][3][4][5]
NameAbbreviationFoundation
year
Current leader(s)States/UT
Amma Makkal Munnetra KazhagamAMMK2018T. T. V. DhinakaranTamil Nadu
Amra BangaliAMB1983Prabhat Ranjan SarkarWest Bengal
Bharatiya Minorities Suraksha MahasanghBMSM1983Sundar ShaekharMaharashtra
Hindustani Awam Morcha[9]HAM2015Jitan Ram ManjhiBihar
People's Democratic FrontPDF2001Ajoy BiswasTripura
Jan Adhikar Party Loktantrik[10]JAP2015Pappu YadavBihar
Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj PartySBSP2002Om Prakash RajbharUttar Pradesh
Jan Shakti Party of India[11]JSPI2015Gurjeet Singh AzadPunjab
Indhiya Jananayaga KatchiIJK2010T.R. PachamuthuTamil Nadu
Jammu and Kashmir Apni PartyJKAP2020Altaf BukhariJammu and Kashmir
Jana Sena PartyJSP2014Pawan KalyanAndhra Pradesh
Kerala Congress (Jacob)KC(J)1991Anoop JacobKerala
Kerala Congress (B)KC(B)1989R. Balakrishna PillaiKerala
Kongunadu Makkal Desia KatchiKMDK2013E. R. EswaranTamil Nadu
Kongunadu Makkal KatchiKMK2000A.M. RajaTamil Nadu
Lok Satta PartyLSP2006Nagabhairava Jaya Prakash NarayanaAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
Manipur Peoples PartyMPP1968Sovakiran N.Manipur
Makkal Needhi Maiam MNM 2018 Kamal Haasan Tamil Nadu
Manithaneya Makkal KatchiMMK2009M. H. JawahirullahTamil Nadu
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra KazhagamMDMK1992VaikoTamil Nadu
Odisha JanmorchaOJM2013Pyarimohan MohapatraOdisha
Param Digvijay DalPDD2014Adhyatmik Neta Krishna Mohan Shankar YogiUttar Pradesh
Peace Party of IndiaPPI2008Mohamed AyubUttar Pradesh
Puthiya TamilagamPTK1996K. KrishnasamyTamil Nadu
Rashtriya Samaj PakshaRSP2003Mahadev JankarMaharashtra
Rashtriya Ulama CouncilRUC2008Aamir Rashadi MadniUttar Pradesh
Rayalaseema Parirakshana SamithiRPS2013Byreddy Rajasekhar ReddyAndhra Pradesh
Social Democratic Party of IndiaSDPI2009M. K. Faizy Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Assam, Manipur, Telangana, Maharashtra, Goa, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala
Tamil Nadu Kongu Ilaingar PeravaiKIP2001U. ThaniyarasuTamil Nadu
Tamil Maanila CongressTMC1996G. K. VasanTamil Nadu
Uttarakhand Kranti DalUKD1979Kashi Singh AiryUttarakhand
Vanchit Bahujan AghadiVBA2018Prakash AmbedkarMaharashtra
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal KatchiVCK1972Thol. ThirumavalavanTamil Nadu
Welfare Party of IndiaWPI2011S. Q. R. IlyasKerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, West Bengal, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra
Hindu Sena2011Vishnu GuptaNew Delhi
Gorkha National Liberation FrontGNLF1980Subhash GhisinghWest Bengal
Gorkha Janmukti MorchaGJM2007Roshan GiriWest Bengal
Revolutionary Communist Party of IndiaRCPI1934Saumyendranath TagoreAssam, Kerala, West Bengal[12]
Akhil Bharatiya Gorkha LeagueABGL1943Bharati TamangWest Bengal
Praja Socialist PartyPSP1952Kerala
Swaraj IndiaSI2016Yogendra YadavNew Delhi, Karnataka, Haryana
All India Mahila Empowerment Party MEP 2017 Nowhera Shaik Telangana, Karnataka
Naam Tamilar Katchi NTK 1958 Seeman Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Kerala
All India Hindustan Congress Party AIHCP 2015 Buddh Prakash Sharma Gujarat, Rajasthan, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh
Indian Gandhiyan PartyIGP2012Aashin U SKerala
Jansatta Dal Loktantrik Jansatta Party 2018 Raghuraj Pratap Singh Uttar Pradesh
Uttama Prajakeeya Party UPP 2018 Upendra Rao Karnataka
All India Sher-e-Hind Party AISP 1992 Anwar Hashmi Maharashtra

See also

  • List of political parties

Notes

  • A If a party is recognised as a national or state party, its symbol is reserved for its exclusive use in the country or in the state.[13][14]
  • B In all States/U.T.s except in the State of Assam, where its candidates will have to choose a symbol from out of the list of free symbols specified by the Commission.
  • C In addition to those included, the total is 1,761.
  • D Current leaders are presidents of their respective parties and not necessarily the leaders of their legislative group in the Indian Parliament.

References

  1. "Registration of political Parties". FAQs. Election Commission of India. Retrieved 21 January 2013.
  2. "List of Political Parties & Symbol MAIN Notification". Election Commission of India. 15 March 2019.
  3. "Amendment Notificaiton - List of Registered Unrecognised Parties and Symbols after 15 March 2019". Election Commission of India. 1 April 2019.
  4. "Amendment Notificaiton - List of Registered Recognised Parties and Symbols & List of Registered Unrecognised Parties and Symbols after 1 April 2019". Election Commission of India. 25 September 2019.
  5. "Amending notification regarding political parties and their eletion symbol dated 10.01.2020". Election Commission of India. 15 January 2020.
  6. "Dynamics of elevation of political parties to State or National Party". Press Information Bureau. 8 March 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2015.
  7. "When is a Political Party recognized as a National or State Party?". FACTLY. 28 January 2017. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
  8. "Amendment of the Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968. Allotment of common symbol to candidates of registered un-recognized political parties". Press Information Bureau. 17 October 2011. Retrieved 8 May 2015.
  9. "Manjhi's HAM recognised by poll panel". The Statesman. 19 July 2015. Retrieved 25 November 2016.
  10. "Allotment of Common Symbol -10B letter dt 15.9.15" (PDF). Election Commission of India. 15 September 2015. Retrieved 25 November 2016.
  11. "June 2015 Notification" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 2. Retrieved 17 September 2016.
  12. "Contact Us". Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  13. "Names of National, State, registered-unrecognised parties and the list of free symbols" (PDF). Election Commission of India. 12 March 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 May 2015. Retrieved 8 May 2015.
  14. "State Party List" (PDF). Election Commission of India. 13 December 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 February 2017.

Further reading

  • Subrata K. Mitra and V. B. Singh. 1999. Democracy and Social Change in India: but parties have to be 70per of decision A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the National Electorate. New Delhi: Sage Publications. ISBN 81-7036-809-X (India HB) ISBN 0-7619-9344-4 (U.S. HB).
  • Subrata K. Mitra, Mike Enskat, Clemens Spiess (eds.). 2004. Political Parties in South Asia. Greenwood: Praeger.
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