Urbanus (butterfly)

Urbanus is a genus of skipper butterflies erected by Jacob Hübner in 1807. They belong to the subfamily Eudaminae, which was long included with the spread-winged skippers (Pyrginae) as a tribe. They are found from the southern United States to South America.[1]

Urbanus
Brown longtail (Urbanus procne)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Lepidoptera
Family:
Hesperiidae
Subfamily:
Eudaminae
Genus:
Urbanus

Hübner, [1807]
Synonyms
  • Goniurus Hübner, [1819]
  • Eudamus Swainson, 1831
  • Lyroptera Plötz, 1881

Some smaller genera have been merged with Urbanus. One of these, now a junior synonym, is Eudamus, the type genus of the Eudaminae. But in the wide circumscription listed here, Urbanus is apparently not monophyletic, and thus some of the formerly independent genera are likely valid.

Species
Esmeralda longtail (Urbanus esmeraldus), Costa Rica
Esmeralda longtail (Urbanus esmeraldus), Costa Rica

The species in this genus are:[1][2]

Urbanus and related genera depicted in Adalbert Seitz's Macrolepidoptera of the World
  • Urbanus albimargo (Mabille, 1875) – Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Venezuela, Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil
  • Urbanus ambiguus de Jong, 1983 – Suriname
  • Urbanus belli (Hayward, 1935) – Bell's longtail – Mexico to Bolivia to Argentina
  • Urbanus carmelita (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)
    • Urbanus carmelita carmelita – Brazil
    • Urbanus carmelita barra Evans, 1952 – Brazil (Bahia)
    • Urbanus carmelita trebia (Möschler, 1879) – Venezuela, Panama, Colombia
  • Urbanus chalco (Hübner, 1823) – Chalco longtail – Panama, Colombia, Brazil, Argentina
  • Urbanus chales (Godman & Salvin, [1893]) – Mexico
  • Urbanus cindra Evans, 1952 – Bolivia
  • Urbanus dorantes (Stoll, [1790]) – Dorantes longtail, lilac-banded longtail
  • Urbanus doryssus (Swainson, 1831) – white-tailed longtail, white-tailed skipper – south Texas, Central America, South America, Argentina
    • Urbanus doryssus doryssus – Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, Honduras
    • Urbanus doryssus albicuspis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) – Colombia, Brazil (Santa Catarina, Rio de Janeiro)
  • Urbanus dubius Steinhauser, 1981 – Colombia
  • Urbanus elmina Evans, 1952 – Ecuador
  • Urbanus esma Evans, 1952 – Mexico, Brazil (São Paulo)
  • Urbanus esmeraldus (Butler, 1877) – esmeralda longtail – Mexico, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Panama, Honduras to Brazil, Colombia
  • Urbanus esta Evans, 1952 – Mexico, Brazil (São Paulo)
  • Urbanus evenus (Ménétriés, 1855) – Brazil
  • Urbanus evona Evans, 1952 – Mexico, Guatemala
  • Urbanus huancavillcas (Williams, 1926) – Ecuador
  • Urbanus longicaudus Austin, 1998 – Brazil (Rondônia)
  • Urbanus magnus Steinhauser, 1981 – Ecuador
  • Urbanus parvus Austin, 1998 Brazil (Rondônia)
  • Urbanus procne (Plötz, 1880) – brown longtail – south Texas, Arizona, Central America, South America, Argentina, Brazil
  • Urbanus prodicus Bell, 1956 – Mexico
  • Urbanus pronta Evans, 1952 – pronta longtail – Mexico, Honduras
  • Urbanus pronus Evans, 1952 – Central America, Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay
  • Urbanus proteus (Linnaeus, 1758) – long-tailed skipper – south California, Arizona, Texas, Florida Central America, South America, Argentina
    • U. proteus proteus – Mexico
    • U. proteus domingo (Scudder, 1872) – Saba to Grenada, Haiti
  • Urbanus reductus (Riley, 1919) – Brazil (Amazonas)
  • Urbanus simplicius (Stoll, [1790]) – plain longtail – Texas, Central America, South America, Suriname, Brazil, Honduras, Bolivia
  • Urbanus tanna Evans, 1952 – Tanna longtail – Mexico to Colombia
  • Urbanus teleus (Hübner, 1821) – teleus longtail – Central America, south Arizona, south Texas South America, French Guiana, Brazil, Argentina
  • Urbanus velinus (Plötz, 1880) – Brazil (Bahia), Guyana
  • Urbanus villus Austin, 1998 – Brazil (Rondônia)
  • Urbanus virescens (Mabille, 1877) – virescens longtail – French Guiana, Brazil (Rio de Janeiro), Peru
  • Urbanus viridis Freeman, 1970 – Mexico
  • Urbanus viterboana (Ehrmann, 1907) – viterboana longtail – Mexico to Colombia, Ecuador
  • Urbanus zagorus (Plötz, 1880) – Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul), Argentina

References
  1. Savela, Markku (March 27, 2019). "Urbanus Hübner, [1807]". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved April 26, 2020.
  2. "Pyrginae: Spreadwings -- Longtail Skippers". Neotropical Butterflies. Retrieved April 26, 2020.
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